上海市某社区学龄前儿童2011—2016年伤害趋势及干预效果

发布时间：2018-01-28 03:52

本文关键词： 创伤和损伤干预性研究回归分析儿童学龄前　出处：《中国学校卫生》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解上海市某社区学龄前儿童伤害趋势和特征,为评价基于社区的伤害预防及干预效果提供依据。方法通过对上海某社区9所幼儿园的全部幼儿家长进行问卷调查,了解2011,2014和2016年学龄前儿童伤害发生情况,分析伤害趋势及特征。结果 2011,2014和2016年总体伤害发生率分别为12.4%,8.6%,7.4%,呈下降趋势,其中男童伤害发生率分别为14.4%,9.1%,6.2%,亦呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)~2=29.280,P0.05);女童伤害发生率分别为10.6%,8.1%,8.8%,差异无统计学意义(χ_(趋势)~2=1.703,P0.05)。与2011年相比,2014年和2016年总体伤害风险降低[OR值(95%CI)分别为0.603(0.471~0.772),0.556(0.430~0.710)],男童伤害风险也降低[OR值(95%CI)分别为0.517(0.368~0.726),0.380(0.261~0.554)],女童伤害风险的差异无统计学意义。男童和女童受伤时间排名前2位的均为下午和晚上,女童下午伤害发生率逐年增加,分别为2.18%,2.41%和2.92%;受伤地点均以家中为首位,男童家中发生率分别为5.17%,3.16%,2.09%,女童分别为2.45%,3.01%,3.40%;受伤时活动均以基本日常活动为主;受伤类型排名前2位的均为跌伤和撞击伤。结论基于社区的伤害预防和干预措施有效降低了学龄前儿童伤害发生率,但伤害发生趋势和伤害特征存在性别差异。应加强对监护人的安全教育和学龄前女童的伤害干预。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the injury trend and characteristics of preschool children in a community in Shanghai. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the effects of community-based injury prevention and intervention in 9 kindergartens in Shanghai. The incidence of injury in preschool children in 2014 and 2016 was analyzed. Results the overall incidence of injury was 12.4% in 2014 and 2016 respectively. The incidence of injury in boys was 14.4and 9.1and 6.2respectively, and there was also a downward trend (蠂 ~ 2 / T _ 2 + 29.280). P0.05; The incidence of injury in girls was 10.6 / 8.1 / 8.8.The difference was not statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 / P = 2.703 / P0.05. compared with 2011). Reduction in overall risk of injury in 2014 and 2016. [The odds ratio (OR) was 0.603 / 0.471/ 0.772/ 0.556/ 0.4300.0.710, respectively, and the risk of injury to boys was also reduced. [The odds ratio (OR) was 0.517 / 0.368 / 0.7260.380 / 0.261 / 0.554, respectively. There was no significant difference in the risk of injury in girls. Boys and girls ranked the first two times of injury in the afternoon and evening. The incidence of afternoon injury in girls increased year by year, which was 2.18%, respectively. 2.41% and 2.92; The incidence of injury in the home was 5.17 and 3.16 respectively, and 2.09 for the girl, 2.45 for the girl, 3.01 and 3.40 for the girl, respectively. When injured, the main activities were basic daily activities; The first two types of injuries were falls and impact injuries. Conclusion Community-based injury prevention and intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of injury in preschool children. However, there are gender differences in the occurrence trend and characteristics of injuries. The safety education of guardians and the injury intervention of preschool girls should be strengthened.
【作者单位】：复旦大学公共卫生学院/公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划资助项目(15GWZK0402)
【分类号】：R179
【正文快照】： 伤害已成为世界各国儿童死亡和伤残的首要原因[1-2],也是我国1~14岁儿童伤残和死亡的主要原因[3]。自1989年世界卫生组织(WHO)在全球倡导基于社区的伤害干预策略[4],以社区为基础的伤害干预已成为伤害预防的重要组成部分。国外有学者报道以社区为基础的儿童伤害干预项目取得了

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