大骨节病病区居民主要食物中15种元素含量研究及蛋白质营养价值评价

发布时间：2018-01-28 12:07

  本文关键词： 大骨节病 元素 氨基酸 营养价值评价　出处：《四川农业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：通过对阿坝病区居民经常食用且具有代表性的青稞、糌粑、奶渣和牛奶中15种元素及17种氨基酸含量进行了统计分析,并对重病区、中病区,轻病区、非病区中元素和氨基酸含量进行了对比分析,还对青稞,糌粑、牛奶和奶渣中的蛋白质进行了营养价值评价,了解病区居民膳食的营养价值,对病区居民膳食营养改善提供一定的建议,为大骨节病病因研究及预防提供一定的科学依据。主要研究结果如下： 1.青稞中各病区间有多种元素差异显著(P0.05),病区膳食中铜、铁元素含量较高,其中青稞中铬元素含量较高,重病区、中病区、轻病区、非病区铬含量分别为4.004mg/kg、2.465mg/kg、2.254mg/kg、2.382mg/kg,超过《食品中污染物限量》标准规定的谷物中铬S1.Omg/kg,超标率100%,重病区青稞中铬含量是标准的4倍,将青稞制成糌粑,重病区、中病区、轻病区、非病区的铬含量分别为0.152mg/kg、0.201mg/kg、0.190mg/kg、0.162mg/kg,明显降低了铬元素的含量,而将牛奶制作成奶渣却显著提高了铬的含量,重病区、中病区铬含量分别为1.646mg/kg、1.890mg/kg接近《食品中污染物限量》中对奶粉中铬≤2.0mg/kg的标准要求,轻病区奶渣的铬含量为2.158mg/kg,超过标准要求。 2.奶渣和牛奶中必需氨基酸与氨基酸总量的百分比在47%以上,必需氨基酸指数在90以上,营养价值较高,糌粑中必需氨基酸与氨基酸总量的百分比在33%左右,病区的必需氨基酸指数在70以下,青稞的必需氨基酸与氨基酸总量的百分比及必需氨基酸指数都较糌粑高。青稞、糌粑、奶渣、牛奶的必需氨基酸指数都表现为随着患病率的降低,必需氨基酸指数呈上升趋势。 3.青稞和糌粑中有多种氨基酸含量差异显著,青稞蛋白质的氨基酸评分,青稞的第一限制氨基酸为赖氨酸,重病区和中病区第二限制氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,轻病区和非病区第二限制氨基酸为苏氨酸,青稞蛋白质的化学评分显示,第一限制氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,第二限制氨基酸为赖氨酸；糌粑蛋白质的氨基酸评分显示,糌粑的第一限制氨基酸为赖氨酸,重病区、中病区、轻病区的第二限制氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,非病区第二限制氨基酸为苏氨酸,糌粑蛋白质的化学评分显示,第一限制氨基酸为含硫氨基酸,第二限制氨基酸为赖氨酸；重病区、中病区、轻病区奶渣和牛奶蛋白质的第一限制氨基酸为含硫氨基酸。青稞、糌粑、牛奶、奶渣中含硫氨基酸的含量都比较低。
[Abstract]:The contents of 15 elements and 17 kinds of amino acids in barley, Zanba, milk residue and milk were analyzed in Aba disease area, and the contents of 15 elements and 17 kinds of amino acids were analyzed, and the contents of serious disease area, middle disease area and light disease area were analyzed. The contents of elements and amino acids in non-endemic areas were compared and analyzed. The nutritional value of protein in highland barley, tsamba, milk and milk residue was evaluated to understand the nutritional value of diet of residents. To provide some suggestions for the improvement of dietary nutrition of residents in the disease area and to provide a scientific basis for the study and prevention of Kaschin-Beck disease. The main results are as follows: 1. There were significant differences in various elements in different areas of highland barley. The contents of Cu and Fe were higher in the diet of the diseased areas, in which the content of chromium in highland barley was higher, that in the seriously diseased areas, in the areas of moderate and light diseases, was higher. The chromium content in non-diseased areas was 4.004 mg / kg, 2.465 mg / kg and 2.254 mg / kg, 2.382 mg / kg, respectively. The chromium S1.Omg / kg in cereals exceeding the limit of contaminant in food was 100% above the standard. The content of chromium in highland barley in seriously ill area was 4 times of the standard. The highland barley was made into Zanba and seriously ill area. The chromium content in middle, light and non-diseased areas was 0.152 mg / kg ~ 0.201 mg / kg ~ 0.190 mg / kg ~ 0.162 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) respectively. The content of chromium was obviously decreased, but the content of chromium was increased significantly by making milk residue. The content of chromium was 1.646 mg / kg in the seriously ill area and the middle area respectively. 1.890 mg / kg is close to the standard requirement of chromium 鈮，

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