油漆职业人群的血铅水平及其健康状况的流行病学研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 20:02

  本文关键词： 油漆工人 血铅 β_2微球蛋白 影响因素　出处：《中南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的： 描述油漆工人血铅水平,探讨该职业人群血铅水平的影响因素以及血铅对工人健康的影响,为油漆工人的职业病防治提供依据。 方法： 本研究采取整群抽样的方法,分别抽取油漆使用和生产的三一重工集团公司及湘江关西涂料有限公司的所有油漆工人为样本,对其进行问卷调查、体格检查以及生化指标的检测。单因素分析采用方差分析、T检验和χ2检验,多因素分析采用非条件logistic回归分析。 结果： 1、本次调查参与体检的人数为752人,前来体检的人中参与问卷调查总人数为525人。男性为711人,女性为41人。年龄最大为59岁,最小为18岁,平均为31.66±7.74岁。文化程度主要以中专或高中(42%)和大专及以上(46.2%)为主。 2、调查对象血铅阴性679例,占90.3%,血铅阳性73例,占9.7%,血铅阳性者均值为0.0875±0.0550mg/L。 3、血铅对健康状况影响的非条件logistic回归分析结果显示：血铅与类神经症(OR=1.884)、消化系统症状(OR=1.899)、末梢神经症状(OR=2.084)、心电图异常(OR=2.075)、血压高(OR=2.042)、微球蛋白增高(OR=2.044)有统计学关联。 4、血铅水平相关影响因素的非条件logistic回归分析结果显示：经常吸烟(OR=2.649)、偶尔饮酒(OR=0.538)、偶尔在车间抽烟或饮食(OR=2.027)、经常在车间抽烟或饮食(OR=3.587)、抽烟前及饭前偶尔洗手(OR=0.256)、抽烟前及饭前经常洗手(OR=0.293)换口罩周期两周以上(OR=1.895)与血铅有统计学关联。 结论： 1、本次调查的油漆工人血铅水平较低,最高值也没有达到国家安全血铅接触限值,但还是有9.7%的工人血铅偏高(≥10.04mg/L)。 2、低浓度血铅暴露(在国家安全血铅接触限值以下)也可使工人出现类神经症、消化系统症状、末梢神经症状、心电图异常、微球蛋白阳性及血压异常的概率增大。 3、经常吸烟、偶尔或经常在车间抽烟或饮食、换口罩周期两周以上是血铅阳性的危险因素。偶尔饮酒、抽烟前及饭前洗手是血铅水平降低的因素
[Abstract]:Objective: This paper describes the blood lead level of the paint workers, discusses the influencing factors of the blood lead level and the influence of the blood lead on the health of the workers, and provides the basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases of the paint workers. Methods: In this study, cluster sampling method was used to select all painters from Sany heavy Industry Group and Xiangjiang Kansai Coatings Co., Ltd. The univariate analysis of variance and 蠂 2 test and the multivariate analysis of non-conditional logistic regression were used. Results: 1. The total number of participants in the questionnaire was 525, 711 males and 41 females, the oldest being 59 years old. 1. The total number of participants in the survey was 752, and the total number of participants in the questionnaire was 525. The male was 711, the female was 41. The oldest age was 59 years old. The minimum was 18 years old, with an average of 31.66 卤7.74 years old. The education level was mainly secondary school or senior high school (46.2%) and junior college (46.2%). 2, 679 cases (90.3%) were negative in blood lead, 73 cases (9.7%) were positive in blood lead, the mean value of blood lead positive was 0.0875 卤0.0550 mg / L. 3. The results of non-conditional logistic regression analysis on the effect of blood lead on the health condition showed that blood lead and neurogenic disorder were 1.884g, and the digestive system symptoms were 1.899). The symptoms of peripheral nerve were 2.084g, abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) was 2.075g, and high blood pressure was 2.042). Microglobulin increased OR2. 044) there was a statistical correlation. 4. The results of non-conditional logistic regression analysis on the related factors of blood lead level showed that frequent smoking was 2.649%, and occasionally drinking alcohol was 0.538). Once in a while smoking or eating in the workshop, often smoking or eating in the workshop of 3.587g, before smoking and occasionally washing their hands before eating 0.256). Before smoking and before meals, washing hands before smoking and before meals were 0.293) the period of mask replacement was more than two weeks and 1.895) there was a statistical correlation between blood lead and blood lead. Conclusion: 1. The blood lead level of the painters surveyed was low and the highest value was not up to the national safety limit, but 9.7% of the workers were still high (鈮，

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