上海市2000—2014年中小学生身体素质变化趋势

发布时间：2018-01-30 16:33

本文关键词： 身体素质生长和发育柔韧性青少年　出处：《中国学校卫生》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的研究上海市2000—2014年7~18岁儿童青少年身体素质状况及变化趋势,为改善学生体质健康水平提供依据。方法采用LMS法拟合上海市2000,2005,2010和2014年7~18岁儿童青少年身体素质指标的P50百分位数曲线,分析变化规律及性别差异。结果握力、50 m跑及坐位体前屈(女)指标成绩P50各年龄段均有所提高(P值均0.05),其中男、女生握力分别平均提高3.13,3.15 kg,女生坐位体前屈平均提高0.8 cm。立定跳远、斜身引体(男)、引体向上(男)、1 min仰卧起坐(女)、50 m×8往返跑、1 000 m跑(男)、800 m跑(女)及坐位体前屈(男)指标成绩P50均有所下降(P值均0.05),其中立定跳远男、女生分别平均下降11.0,8.59 cm,耐力跑成绩男、女生分别下降2.75,2.32 s。结论上海市儿童青少年下肢爆发力、肌肉耐力、有氧耐力出现下降趋势,需采取针对性的应对措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the physical fitness status and changing trend of children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years from 2000 to 2014 in Shanghai. Methods LMS method was used to fit Shanghai 20002005. In 2010 and 2014, the P50 percentile curve of physical fitness index of children and adolescents aged 7 ~ 18 years was analyzed, and the change rule and gender difference were analyzed. Results grip strength was obtained. The P50 score of 50 m running and sitting position forward flexion (female) were all increased by 0.05 kg in each age group, among which the grip strength of male and female increased by 3.13 ~ 3.15 kg on average. The average body flexion of female students in sitting position was increased by 0. 8 cm. Standing long jump, oblique body lead (male) and upward (male) 1 min sit-up (female: 50 m 脳 8). The P50 of 1 000 m running (male / female) and sitting position forward flexion (male) were all decreased (P = 0.05), among which the standing long jump was male. The average decrease of girls was 11.0 ~ 8.59 cm, and the scores of endurance running were 2.75 ~ 2.32 s in male and female, respectively. Conclusion Shanghai children and adolescents have lower extremity explosive force and muscular endurance. The aerobic endurance appears the downward trend, needs to take the pertinence countermeasure.
【作者单位】：上海市教育发展有限公司;上海市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R179
【正文快照】： 儿童青少年体质健康水平关系到整个国家和民族的未来,随着社会经济、文化、教育飞速发展,儿童青少年体质状况也发生了相应的变化[1-2]。本研究以上海市2000,2005,2010和2014年4次学生体质与健康调研数据为基础,对7~18岁儿童青少年身体素质变化趋势进行分析,为学校体育和卫生保

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