水痘疫苗免疫策略调整实施效果评价

发布时间：2018-02-04 02:06

本文关键词： 水痘水痘疫苗免疫策略两针免疫　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的科学评价水痘疫苗两剂次免疫的实施效果,为制定烟台市水痘疫苗免疫策略提供参考依据。方法对2008-2015年烟台市水痘疫苗接种状况、1~12岁常驻儿童抗体阳性率及2008-2015年水痘发病特征进行描述性分析,利用Epidata3.4和SPSS18.0软件进行数据处理和统计分析。结果烟台市2009年后1针免疫接种率保持在较高水平(90%以上),自2012年开展2剂次接种,15岁以下儿童2剂接种率在57.20%~64.08%。初免后不同年限抗体阳性率分析显示,初免后1年以内阳性率最高(98.55%),之后随年限增加逐步下降,初免3年以上儿童加强免疫后抗体阳性率在96.43%~100.00%之间,各年龄组加强免疫后抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P=0.160)。2008-2015年全市15岁以下儿童水痘发病数和发病率整体呈下降趋势,其中7~9岁年龄组下降幅度最大(81.11%),其次是4~6岁年龄组(80.71%)。2012-2015年4~6岁儿童发病构成比较2008-2011年明显降低。结论烟台市水痘疫苗采用2剂接种程序后,有效提高了目标人群的抗体水平,15岁以下儿童总发病率逐年下降,免疫效果优于1剂接种程序。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the effect of two doses of varicella vaccine in order to provide a reference for the formulation of vaccination strategy of chicken pox vaccine in Yantai city. Methods the vaccination status of chicken pox vaccine in Yantai city from 2008 to 2015 was evaluated. 1the positive rate of antibody in 12-year-old resident children and the characteristics of chickenpox from 2008 to 2015 were analyzed. Epidata3.4 and SPSS18.0 software were used for data processing and statistical analysis. Results after 2009, the vaccination rate of 1 injection in Yantai kept above 90%). Since 2012, the vaccination rate of 2 doses for children under 15 years of age was 57.20% and 64.08% respectively. The positive rate of antibody in different years after the first immunization was analyzed. The highest positive rate was 98.55% within one year after the first immunization, and then decreased gradually with the increase of age. The positive rate of antibody was between 96.43% and 100.00% in the children who had been immunized for more than 3 years. There was no significant difference in antibody positive rate among different age groups after immunization. The incidence and incidence of chickenpox in children under 15 years of age in the whole city from 2008 to 2015 showed a downward trend. Among them, the decline in the age group of 7 ~ 9 years old was the largest (81.11%). The age group of 4 to 6 years old was 80.71). The incidence composition of children aged 4 to 6 years from 2012 to 2015 was significantly lower than that of 2008-2011. Conclusion two doses of varicella vaccine were used in Yantai city. The total incidence rate of children under 15 years old decreased year by year, and the immunization effect was better than one dose inoculation program.
【作者单位】：烟台市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：2014年烟台市科技计划项目第一批(2014WS053)
【分类号】：R186
【正文快照】： 烟台市1999年开始水痘疫苗(varicella vaccine)接种,对1周岁以上易感者接种1剂,但接种率一直较低,发病接近自然感染状态。2009年开展水痘疫苗查漏补种,接种率大幅度提升。2012年调整水痘疫苗免疫策略,在1岁接种1针基础上,4~6周岁儿童加强1剂水痘疫苗。为科学评价水痘疫苗2剂次

【相似文献】