中国农村居民乙肝疫苗知晓和信任情况及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-02-23 01:37

本文关键词： 乙肝疫苗知晓率信任度农村居民影响因素　出处：《中国卫生事业管理》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:分析中国农村居民乙肝疫苗知晓和信任状况及影响因素,为提高中国农村居民乙肝疫苗知晓率和信任度提供科学依据。方法:应用多阶段随机抽样、概率与规模成比例抽样方法和结构式访谈问卷调查方式进行入户调查收集数据,采用方差分析、二元logistic回归模型进行统计分析。结果:7847名农村居民中6444人听说过乙肝疫苗,1403人未听说过乙肝疫苗,知晓率为82.12%(6444/7847);听说过乙肝疫苗的人群中5678(88.11%)人相信乙肝疫苗能够有效预防乙肝,766(11.89%)人不相信或者不确定。多因素分析显示:男性较女性的乙肝疫苗知晓率低。随着年龄升高,知晓率逐渐降低。已婚人群较未婚人群知晓率高。随着受教育程度升高,知晓率逐渐升高。农民和打工者知晓率较固定工作者低。随着收入水平的升高,知晓率逐渐升高。接种过乙肝疫苗的人群较未接种过乙肝疫苗的人群知晓率高。社会支持越低人群乙肝疫苗知晓率越低。地区间人群乙肝疫苗知晓率存在差异。随着受教育程度水平升高,人群对乙肝疫苗的信任程度逐渐升高。中等收入组人群较低收入组人群对乙肝疫苗的信任程度高。接种过乙肝疫苗人群较未接种过乙肝疫苗人群信任程度高。社会支持越低的人群对乙肝疫苗信任程度越低。地区间人群对乙肝疫苗的信任度存在差异。结论:提高人群乙肝疫苗知晓率和信任度的健康教育和相关政策应该倾向于受教育水平较低、收入较低、未接种过乙肝疫苗、社会关系支持较差的人群。提高人群乙肝疫苗知晓率时还应该关注男性群体、高龄人群、未婚人群、农民和打工者。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the status of knowledge and trust of hepatitis B vaccine among rural residents in China and its influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis for improving the awareness and trust of hepatitis B vaccine among rural residents in China. Methods: Multi-stage random sampling was used. Sampling method of probability and scale and structured interview questionnaire were used to collect data from household survey, and ANOVA was used. Results 6444 out of 7 847 rural residents had heard of hepatitis B vaccine and 1403 people had not heard of hepatitis B vaccine. The awareness rate was 82.124.44 / 7847m; among the people who had heard of the hepatitis B vaccine, 567888.11people believed that the hepatitis B vaccine could effectively prevent hepatitis B. people did not believe it or were uncertain. Multi-factor analysis showed that the rate of awareness of hepatitis B vaccine in men was lower than that in women. The awareness rate of married people was higher than that of unmarried people. With the increase of education level, the awareness rate of farmers and workers was lower than that of fixed workers, and with the increase of income level, the awareness rate of farmers and workers was lower than that of fixed workers. The rate of awareness of hepatitis B vaccine was higher than that of those who had not. The lower the social support, the lower the awareness rate of hepatitis B vaccine. As the level of education increases, The group of middle income group had higher trust in hepatitis B vaccine than the group of low income group, and the group who had been vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine had higher degree of trust than the group who had not been vaccinated with hepatitis B. the group of middle income group had higher degree of trust in hepatitis B vaccine than that of group with lower income group. The lower the support, the lower the level of trust in hepatitis B vaccine. There are differences in trust in hepatitis B vaccine among people in different regions. Conclusion: health education and related policies should be adopted to improve the awareness and trust of hepatitis B vaccine among people. Towards a lower level of education, People with lower income, no hepatitis B vaccine and poor social support should also pay attention to male groups, elderly people, unmarried people, farmers and workers when raising awareness rate of hepatitis B vaccine.
【作者单位】：山东大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学系;
【基金】：挪威研究委员会资助项目“使用者付费对中国乙肝疫苗覆盖率的影响”(编号:196400/S50)
【分类号】：R186

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