高速动车组车内环境品质与控制标准

发布时间：2018-03-03 12:12

  本文选题：高速动车组　切入点：空气品质　出处：《环境与健康杂志》2015年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的通过铁路客运专线高速动车组主流车型车内环境品质测试和旅客乘车感受评估,提出建立我国高速动车组车内环境标准基本依据。方法于2013年选择京沪、武广客运专线5种车型13个车次列车,在冬、夏季高峰客流时段测试车厢内微小气候、空气品质、噪声、振动、照明等指标,并对6 210名旅客乘车感受进行调查。结果冬季车厢内温度为14.2~26.1℃,相对湿度为10.0%~62.6%,旅客感觉温度偏高的占15.0%,空气干燥的占18.6%;夏季车厢内温度为22.6~32.2℃,旅客感觉温度偏低的占16.0%。13个车次列车车厢内CO2浓度均值为0.08%~0.24%,总挥发性有机物(TVOC)为0.32~3.25 mg/m3,甲醛为0.007~0.047 mg/m3,NH3为0.002~0.26 mg/m3,PM10为0.01~0.31 mg/m3,细菌总数为18~2 986CFU/m3,负离子浓度为70~650 N/cm3。车厢内主要污染物为CO2和TVOC,夏季超标率分别为74.6%和74.4%,冬季超标率分别为62.0%和55.9%。旅客感觉车厢内空气不清新的占36.0%,有异臭味的占39.5%。13个车次列车车厢内噪声均值为62.8~73.1 d B(A),旅客感觉吵的占54.8%。13个车次列车车厢内坐位振动加速度矢量和(av Tv)均值为0.10~0.59 m/s2,旅客感觉很大振动的占8.9%。不同座席车厢内照度均值为257.63~325.71 lx。结论建议冬季车厢内适宜温度:北方线路22~24℃,南方线路19~22℃;夏季:北方线路25~27℃,南方线路26~28℃;适宜湿度为35%~65%。空气品质应重点控制CO2和TVOC污染,加强新风量供应,车厢内CO2≤0.15%、TVOC≤0.8 mg/m3、CO≤5 mg/m3,甲醛、NH3、PM10、细菌总数可以执行GB/T 18883—2002《室内空气质量标准》。噪声以一等车≤68 d B(A),二等车、餐车≤70 d B(A)为宜。车厢内振动标准建议awx和awy≤0.38 m/s2、awz≤0.50 m/s2、av Tv≤0.9 m/s2,车厢内照明标准可提高至150~200 lx。
[Abstract]:Objective based on the environmental quality test and passenger experience evaluation of the mainstream high-speed EMU in passenger dedicated railway line, this paper puts forward the basic basis for establishing the standard of the in-vehicle environment of high-speed EMU in China. Methods Beijing and Shanghai were selected on 2013. In the winter and summer peak passenger flow periods, 13 trains of 5 types of 5 types of special passenger dedicated lines are used to test the microclimate, air quality, noise, vibration, lighting and so on. A total of 6 210 passengers were investigated. Results in winter, the temperature in the carriage was 14.226.1 鈩，

本文编号：1560983