2015年北京市密云区中小学生饮食习惯调查

发布时间：2018-03-20 17:54

本文选题：中小学生　切入点：营养　出处：《职业与健康》2016年24期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解和掌握北京市密云区中小学生饮食习惯和营养相关认知现状,为制定营养教育、营养干预策略提供基础数据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,北京市密云区557名学生进行问卷调查。结果学生坚持每天吃早餐率为56.8%,早餐吃饱率为51.8%、午餐吃饱率为66.4%、晚餐吃饱率为67.1%。学生每天吃早餐率、早餐吃饱率、午餐吃饱率、晚餐吃饱率均呈现小学高于初中,初中高于高中;非住宿学生高于住宿学生,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为79.317、79.767、45.746、66.814;43.339、11.327、31.393、27.705,均P0.01)。学生每日摄入粗杂粮、肉类、蛋类、奶类、豆制品率分别为15.6%、20.0%、19.1%、49.1%、7.8%;学生每日摄入2种谷类为46.4%,每日摄入3种及以上蔬菜为45.1%,每日摄入2种水果为38.8%。学生日饮水量≤1 000 ml的占60.3%,20.7%的学生选择无碳酸含糖饮料,17.6%的学生选择不喝饮料;学生每周喝饮料1~3次者占36.6%。营养知识方面,小学、初中、高中学生回答5个及以上正确率呈现高中高于初中,初中高于小学,三者差异有统计学意义(χ~2值为21.656,P0.05)。结论密云区中小学生存在不良饮食行为,营养知识水平不高,应针对学生、家长、学校开展相关营养知识健康教育工作,并制定相关政策促进学生合理膳食,养成健康生活方式。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand and master the status quo of diet habits and nutrition related cognition of primary and middle school students in Miyun district of Beijing, and to provide basic data for formulating nutrition education and nutrition intervention strategies. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 557 students in Miyun District, Beijing. Results the students persisted in eating breakfast rate 56.8, breakfast satiety rate 51.8, lunch satiety rate 66.4 and dinner satiety rate 67.1.The students ate breakfast rate, breakfast satiety rate and lunch satiety rate. The rates of eating full dinner were higher in primary school than in junior high school and junior high school than in high school, and the difference was statistically significant among non-residential students (蠂 ~ 2 = 79.31779.767) (蠂 ~ 2 = 79.31779.797) 45.746 (66.8146n) 43.339 (11.32731.393n 27.705). The daily intake of coarse grains, meats, eggs, milk, milk were all significant (P0.01.The students' daily intake of coarse grains, meats, eggs, milk, etc. The ratio of soybean products was 15.620. 0 and 19.1g / d, 49.1m / d, 46.4g / d, 45.1 / day, 38.8m / day, respectively. 60.320.7% of students who drank less than 1,000 ml of water per day chose non-carbonated sugary drinks 17.6% of them had no carbonated sugary drinks (17.6%), and three kinds of vegetables (45.1%) and two kinds of fruit (38.8%) per day. The proportion of students drinking less than 1,000 ml per day was 60.320.7%. Students choose not to drink; 36.6 students drank drinks three times a week. In terms of nutritional knowledge, the correct rate of 5 or more responses from primary school, junior high school and senior high school students was higher than that of junior high school, and junior high school was higher than primary school. The difference among them was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 = 21.656, P0.050.Conclusion students in Miyun district have bad diet behavior and low level of nutrition knowledge, so we should carry out health education on nutrition knowledge for students, parents and schools. And make relevant policy to promote student reasonable diet, develop healthy life style.
【作者单位】：北京市密云区疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科;首都医科大学密云教学医院保健科;
【分类号】：R151.42

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