上海市儿童跌倒伤害干预项目效果评价

发布时间：2018-03-22 02:28

本文选题：儿童　切入点：意外跌倒　出处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探讨综合性干预措施对儿童跌倒伤害预防的效果,为将来进行推广项目提供经验。方法采用分层抽样方法在上海市范围内随机抽取11所小学,干预前选取1~3年级学生,干预后选取3~5年级相同对象,进行问卷调查,了解其跌倒伤害发生的相关情况。结果干预组学生家长跌倒伤害预防知晓率从77.53%提高到92.78%(X~2=354.50,P0.001),倍差法(difference in differences,DID)显示净效果相对提升了45%(Z=4.08,P0.001);运动前热身的知晓率从91.26%提高到98.65%(X~2=174.73,P0.001),净效果显示相对提升了46%;游乐设施的识别行为从83.32%提高到90.55%(X~2=70.89,P0.001),净效果相对提升了44%;危险环境改善从87.62%提高到89.42%(X~2=4.97,P=0.022),净效果相对提升了34%。干预前跌倒伤害发生率对照组为6.32%,干预组为6.15%,差异无统计学意义(X~2=0.08,P=0.770);干预实施后干预组的跌倒发生率降为4.33%,对照组为8.56%,净效果显示跌倒伤害发生率比干预前相对下降了69%。结论跌倒伤害预防工作是一个多领域多层次的干预工作,应采取包括健康教育、环境改造、制度完善等综合性的干预手段才能有效地降低跌倒伤害的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the effect of comprehensive intervention measures on the prevention of fall injury in children, and to provide experience for future promotion projects. Methods 11 primary schools in Shanghai were randomly selected by stratified sampling method, and 1 grade 3 students were selected before intervention. After the intervention, the same subjects in grade 3 and grade 5 were selected, and the questionnaire was conducted. Results in the intervention group, the awareness rate of fall injury prevention was increased from 77.53% to 92.78%, and the difference in difference in difference in difference (DIDs) showed that the net effect was improved by 450.08 P0.001, and the awareness rate of warm-up before exercise increased from 91.26% to 0.001%. The net effect increased from 83.32% to 90.55% from 83.32% to 90.55%, the net effect increased from 87.62% to 89.42%, and the net effect increased from 87.62% to 89.42%, and the net effect increased to 3422%. The incidence of falls in the intervention group was 4.33, and in the control group 8.56. The net effect showed that the incidence of fall injury was 69% lower than that before intervention. Is a multi-field and multi-level intervention, Comprehensive intervention measures, including health education, environmental reform and system improvement, should be adopted in order to effectively reduce the incidence of fall injury.
【作者单位】：上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心肿瘤与伤害防治科复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院;上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心伤害防治科;上海市疾病预防控制中心伤害防治科;
【基金】：浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会青年科技项目(PW2014B-1)
【分类号】：R179

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