陕西省新鲜果蔬中砷污染状况调查及其暴露评估

发布时间：2018-03-28 22:10

本文选题：砷　切入点：蔬菜　出处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2016年05期

【摘要】：目的了解陕西省新鲜水果和蔬菜中砷的污染状况及评价其对人体的潜在危害。方法 2012—2015年共采集1 270份新鲜蔬菜和363份新鲜水果并测定砷含量,分别从年份、类别和地区三方面进行统计分析,以食品添加剂专家委员会(JECFA)制定的砷暂定每周可耐受摄入量(PTWI)为标准对居民经食用果蔬所致砷的暴露量进行评估,并应用美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型对其引起的健康风险进行评价。结果近4年来果蔬中的砷平均含量范围为0.013~0.036 mg/kg;8类蔬菜的砷含量相近,6类水果中瓜果类的砷含量较高,平均值为0.052mg/kg;陕西省宝鸡、延安和商洛地区果蔬砷含量较高。整体而言,陕西居民经食用果蔬所致砷平均暴露量低于JECFA制定砷的PTWI及其所引起的平均个人年风险值亦小于国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的标准5.0×10~(-5)a~(-1),但偏高暴露引起的健康风险不容忽视。结论陕西省部分果蔬样品存在砷污染情况,居民通过食用果蔬所致砷的暴露量在安全范围内,其所引起的健康风险有待进一步研究。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the arsenic pollution in fresh fruits and vegetables in Shaanxi Province and to evaluate its potential harm to human body. Methods A total of 1 270 fresh vegetables and 363 fresh fruits were collected from 2012 to 2015 and the arsenic content was determined. Three aspects of statistical analysis were carried out in categories and regions. According to the criteria of the tentative weekly tolerable arsenic intake (PTWI) developed by the Committee of experts on Food Additives (JECFAA), the amount of arsenic exposure caused by edible fruits and vegetables was assessed. The health risk was evaluated by using the health risk assessment model recommended by USEPA. Results the average arsenic content in fruits and vegetables was 0.013 ~ 0. 036 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) in the last four years. The average value is 0.052 mg / kg. The arsenic content of fruits and vegetables in Baoji, Yan'an and Shangluo areas of Shaanxi Province is higher. The average amount of arsenic exposure caused by edible fruits and vegetables in Shaanxi Province is lower than that of PTWI formulated by JECFA and the average personal annual risk caused by it. It is also lower than the standard recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP- 5.0 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (-5)). However, the health risk caused by high exposure is also lower than that recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Conclusion there is arsenic pollution in some fruit and vegetable samples in Shaanxi Province. The exposure of arsenic to fruits and vegetables is within the safe range, and the health risks caused by it need to be further studied.
【作者单位】：陕西省疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R155.5

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