348例矽肺患者流行病学特征及病原菌耐药性分析

发布时间：2018-03-29 07:04

本文选题：矽肺　切入点：流行病学特征　出处：《现代预防医学》2017年13期

【摘要】：目的了解矽肺患者的流行病学特征及常见病原菌耐药情况,为矽肺病防治及临床合理用药提供依据。方法对成都市某职业病医院2014年3月~2016年2月诊断的348例矽肺病例的性别,平均发病年龄,矽肺分期,平均接尘工龄、地区、行业和工种分析。收集痰液标本并使用法国VITEK2-COMPACT微生物全自动鉴定/药敏系统进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验。结果 348例矽肺患者主要为男性,发病年龄中位数为49.2岁,接尘年龄中位数为15.9年,矽肺分期以III期为主,病例主要集中在凉山彝族自治州甘洛地区,主要行业为铅锌矿产业区等行业,主要工种为风钻工和爆破工。共培养出70株病原菌,真菌占10.34%,以白色念珠菌为主;细菌占9.77%,主要为革兰阴性杆菌,以肺炎克雷伯杆菌为主。革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄西林耐药性最高。结论矽肺病防控重点应放在铅锌矿产业区等行业,临床医生应重视矽肺合并肺部感染患者真菌感染及合理使用抗生素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of common pathogens in silicosis patients, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of silicosis and rational use of drugs in clinic. Methods the sex of 348 silicosis cases diagnosed from March 2014 to February 2016 in an occupational disease hospital in Chengdu was analyzed. Mean age of onset, stage of silicosis, average length of exposure to dust, area, Industry and type of work. Sputum samples were collected, and bacteria identification and drug sensitivity tests were carried out by VITEK2-COMPACT microorganism automatic identification / drug sensitivity system in France. Results 348 silicosis patients were mainly male, the median age of onset was 49.2 years old. The median age of dust exposure was 15.9 years. The silicosis stage was mainly III stage. The cases were mainly in Ganluo area of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, and the main industries were lead-zinc mine industry, etc. The main types of work were drillers and blasting workers. A total of 70 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured, fungi accounted for 10.34%, mainly Candida albicans, bacteria accounted for 9.77, mainly Gram-negative bacilli. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the main cause. Gram-negative bacilli have the highest resistance to ampicillin. Conclusion the prevention and control of silicosis should focus on lead-zinc mine industry, etc. Clinicians should pay attention to fungal infection and rational use of antibiotics in silicosis patients with pulmonary infection.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院);
【分类号】：R135.2

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