青藏公路沿线生活饮用水卫生学检测及风险评估

发布时间：2018-03-30 06:16

本文选题：青藏公路沿线　切入点：生活饮用水　出处：《军事医学》2017年02期

【摘要】：目的通过对青藏公路沿线生活饮用水的卫生学检测分析和风险评估,了解掌握饮用水卫生状况,为饮用水安全管理工作提供科学依据和技术支撑。方法现场查看水源基本情况并收集水样56份,按照国标方法对样品的理化和微生物学指标进行检测评价,并对危害因素进行风险评估。结果所检测的56份水样总合格率为75.0%;在不合格水样中,总大肠茵群、茵落总数、硫酸盐和浑浊度均超标为7份(12.5%),其次是氯化物超标6份(10.7%);在检测水样的超标项目中,总大肠菌群、茵落总数、浑浊度以及硫酸盐超标次数最多,每项分别占总超标次数的13.2%;不同水源类型之间合格率无明显差异;影响青藏公路沿线生活饮用水的主要风险因素为总大肠茵群、茵落总数、浑浊度、氯化物和硫酸盐。结论青藏公路沿线生活饮用水水质卫生合格率偏低,微生物和氯化物是主要风险因素,应加强水质消毒并完善水处理措施,保障青藏公路沿线村民生活饮用水的安全。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the sanitary status of drinking water by analyzing the hygienic test and risk assessment of drinking water along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway. To provide scientific basis and technical support for drinking water safety management. Methods the basic situation of water source was inspected and 56 water samples were collected on the spot. The physical, chemical and microbiological indexes of the samples were tested and evaluated according to the national standard method. The results showed that the total qualified rate of 56 water samples was 75.0, and that of unqualified water samples was the total colonic bacteria, the total number of colonic bacteria, the total number of colonic bacteria, the total number of colonic bacteria, and the total number of bacteria in the unqualified water samples. The total coliform group, total bacterial count, turbidity, turbidity and turbidity of total coliform, turbidity, turbidity and sulfate exceeded the standard were the highest in the total coliform group, the total bacterial count, the turbidity and the sulfate exceeding the standard. Each item accounted for 13.2 times of the total number of exceeded standards; there was no significant difference in the qualified rate among different water sources; the main risk factors affecting drinking water along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway were the total colonic bacteria, the total number of bacteria, the turbidity. Conclusion the hygienic qualified rate of drinking water quality along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway is low, microorganism and chloride are the main risk factors, the disinfection of water quality should be strengthened and water treatment measures should be improved. To ensure the safety of drinking water for villagers along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway.
【作者单位】：军事医学科学院疾病预防控制所;军事医学科学院科技部;
【基金】：军队后勤科研计划重点资助项目(BWS12J043) 军队疾控任务资助项目(16SYF0072)
【分类号】：R123.1

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