乡镇企业职业卫生管理现状及对策探讨

发布时间：2018-04-03 10:49

本文选题：企业　切入点：职业卫生管理制度　出处：《苏州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:参照国家相关法规规范，对企业职业健康管理制度的符合率进行评分，分析评分结果，了解企业职业卫生管理现状，探讨镇级企业职业卫生现状及防治对策，为企业职业卫生内部管理和政府职业危害监管提供依据。方法：通过文献抽样调查方法，对昆山市某镇企业职业卫生进行现况调查，用分层抽样方法，抽取昆山市某镇6家大型企业、6家中型企业、6家小型企业、6家微型企业，调查每个企业职业卫生管理台账具体信息，依据《企业职业健康管理13项规范性制度》，判定其符合率，根据判定评分结果分析昆山市某镇企业职业卫生制度建立情况，了解企业职业卫生管理制度的制定及实施情况，并发现其薄弱环节。结果：（1）一级指标符合率总平均分前三位是职业危害申报制度（以下各制度皆用简称）、监测评价、危害告知。大型、中型、小型、微型企业一级指标总指标符合率依次为0.910、0.832、0.615、0.452。（2）二级指标中所有企业某指标总符合率得分最低的是日常监测，为0.250。（3）通过对一、二级指标所有企业某指标总符合率比较，一级指标不合格中，其二级指标评分更低的有:一级指标人员防护制度，评分为0.562，其二级指标防护用品的采购和资质审查，评分为0.375，防护用品配备标准评分为0.500。一级指标监测评价的所有企业指标符合率评分为0.458，其二级指标日常检测评分为0.250。一级指标职业健康监护档案管理制度评分为0.663，其二级指标职业健康检查评分为0.396，而其二级指标监护管理档案却评分较高，为0.906。在合格的一级指标中也存在二级指标不合格的项目，一级指标职业健康宣传教育培训制度(0.710)有不合格的二级指标职业健康宣传培训要求（0.525）、培训考核（0.525），一级指标职业危害检查和隐患整改制度(0.743)有不合格的二级指标职业危害检查内容（0.583）、事故隐患整改复查（0.625），一级指标应急救援预案管理(0.750)中有不合格的二级指标应急救援预案宣传和演练（0.500）。结论：根据台账调查显示，，昆山市企业职业卫生管理水平总体较好，大、中型企业各项职业健康管理制度总体相对健全，但小型、微型企业，特别是微型企业的各项制度健全性较差。在现有的职业卫生工作基础上，还应加强职业健康技术服务机构投入、企业的培训和监督等措施，建立市、镇、企业三级职业卫生防治体系
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the conformance rate of occupational health management system in enterprises with reference to relevant national laws and regulations, analyze the results of scoring, understand the present situation of occupational health management in enterprises, and explore the present situation of occupational health in township enterprises and the prevention and treatment countermeasures.To provide the basis for the internal management of occupational health and the supervision of government occupational hazards.Methods: the occupational health status of a town in Kunshan City was investigated by the method of literature sampling. By stratified sampling, 6 small enterprises and 6 small enterprises were selected from 6 large enterprises in a town of Kunshan city.The specific information of occupational health management account in each enterprise was investigated. According to the 13 normative systems of enterprise occupational health management, the coincidence rate was determined, and the establishment of occupational health system in a town of Kunshan was analyzed according to the result of judgment score.To understand the establishment and implementation of occupational health management system, and find its weak links.Results 1) the first three top three were the occupational hazard declaration system (all the following systems were used for short, monitoring and evaluation, hazard informing).Large, medium, small and micro enterprises, the overall index coincidence rate of the first class index is 0.910100.32n0.6150.452.2in turn) the lowest score of the total conformity rate of a certain index of all the enterprises is routine monitoring, which is 0.250.f3).Compared with the total conformity rate of a certain index in all enterprises of the second class index, among the unqualified first-class indexes, the second grade index scoring is even lower: the personnel protection system of the first class index, the score is 0.562, the procurement and qualification examination of the protective articles for the second class index index,The score was 0.375 and the standard of protective equipment was 0.500.The coincident rate of all the enterprise indexes was 0.458, and the daily test score of the second-level index was 0.250.The first grade index occupational health surveillance file management system score is 0.663, the second grade index occupational health examination score is 0.396, but its second grade index guardianship management file score is higher, is 0.906.Among the qualified primary indicators, there are also projects with substandard secondary indicators,Occupational health education and training system of the first class index (0.710) there are unqualified secondary index occupational health propaganda and training requirements 0.525%, training examination 0.525%, occupational hazard inspection and hidden danger rectification system 0.743) there are unqualified second-level index posts.The content of industry hazard inspection is 0.583n, the check of accident hidden trouble rectification and reexamination is 0.625, and the management of first-grade index emergency rescue plan is 0.750) there are unqualified second-level index emergency rescue plan propaganda and exercise 0.500 and so on.Conclusion: the occupational health management level of enterprises in Kunshan City is relatively good, the occupational health management system of large and medium-sized enterprises is relatively sound, but the occupational health management system in small and micro enterprises is relatively sound.Microenterprises, in particular, have poor institutional soundness.On the basis of the existing occupational health work, we should also strengthen the investment of the technical service institutions of occupational health, the training and supervision of enterprises, and establish a three-level occupational health prevention and control system in cities, towns and enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R132

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