广东省重点行业粉尘危害现状分析与防控对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 05:04

本文选题：重点行业 + 粉尘危害　；参考：《华南理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：职业卫生监管工作职能从卫生部门划转至安全生产监督管理部门后，各级安全生产监督管理部门不了解辖区内职业危害现状，，这给全省职业卫生监督管理工作带来很大的困难和阻力。本研究旨在摸清粉尘危害突出的云浮市石材加工、河源市石英砂加工、汕尾宝石加工、潮州陶瓷生产以及韶关金属矿山5行业粉尘危害现状，确定今后职业卫生监督管理的工作重点，加强粉尘职业病危害的防控和监督管理。本文采取随机抽样的方法从5市5行业已进行职业病危害申报的企业中抽取了83家企业进行粉尘危害的调查分析。调查对象具体分布为19家石材加工企业、18家石英砂加工企业、18家宝石加工企业、19家陶瓷生产企业、9家地下金属采矿业，采用现场问卷调查（企业基本情况、企业职业卫生管理状况、职业卫生培训情况、职业健康监护情况、职业卫生“三同时”开展情况等）与现场检测（对作业场所粉尘浓度及游离二氧化硅含量进行测定）相结合的方式，对这些企业的粉尘危害现状进行了系统的调查研究和分析，掌握了云浮市石材加工、河源市石英砂加工、汕尾市宝石加工、潮州市陶瓷制造及韶关市地下金属采矿业的粉尘危害现状。对问卷调查结果和现场检测结果运用EXCEL及SPASS19.0软件进行整理分析，结果显示5行业粉尘职业危害形势严峻。通过分析粉尘危害现状形势严峻的原因，提出了粉尘危害防控的有效对策。（1）粉尘防控的工程技术措施。根据5行业83家企业生产现状，针对性的提出粉尘防控的工程技术措施。（2）落实企业职业卫生主体责任，加强粉尘防控工作。主要从加强职业卫生“三级预防”工作、职业卫生“三同时”工作、职业卫生培训工作、职业卫生健康监护工作以及职业病危害因素检测工作几方面来落实企业职业卫生主体责任。（3）加大企业职业卫生投入，为粉尘防控工作提供有力支撑。加大企业职业卫生专项资金投入，保障粉尘防控工作正常开展；加大职业卫生管理人员的投入，为粉尘防控提供人才保障；加大企业技术革新投入，从根源上控制粉尘职业病危害。
[Abstract]:After the function of occupational health supervision has been transferred from the health department to the safety production supervision and administration department, the safety production supervision and administration departments at all levels do not understand the present situation of occupational hazards within the jurisdiction,This brings great difficulties and resistance to the supervision and management of occupational health in the province.The purpose of this study was to find out the present situation of dust hazard in five industries, such as stone processing in Yunfu City, quartz sand processing in Heyuan City, gemstone processing in Shanwei, Chaozhou ceramics production and Shaoguan Metal Mine.The emphasis of supervision and management of occupational health should be determined, and the prevention and control of occupational hazards of dust should be strengthened.In this paper, 83 enterprises were selected from 5 cities and 5 industries to investigate and analyze the dust hazards.The objects of investigation were 19 stone processing enterprises, 18 quartz sand processing enterprises, 18 gemstone processing enterprises, 19 ceramic manufacturing enterprises, and 9 underground metal mining enterprises.Enterprise occupational health management, occupational health training, occupational health monitoring,The present situation of dust hazard in these enterprises has been systematically investigated and analyzed by combining the "three simultaneous" development of occupational hygiene with field testing (determination of dust concentration and free silica content in the workplace).The present situation of dust hazard of stone processing in Yunfu City, quartz sand processing in Heyuan City, gemstone processing in Shanwei City, ceramics manufacture in Chaozhou City and underground metal mining industry in Shaoguan City has been mastered.The results of questionnaire survey and field test were analyzed by EXCEL and SPASS19.0 software. The results showed that the occupational hazards of dust in 5 industries were serious.Based on the analysis of the serious situation of dust hazard, the effective countermeasures of dust hazard prevention and control are put forward.Technical measures for dust prevention and control.According to the production status of 83 enterprises in 5 industries, the engineering technical measures of dust prevention and control are put forward.2) implementing the main responsibility of occupational health in enterprises and strengthening dust prevention and control.Mainly from strengthening the work of "three-level prevention" of occupational health, "three simultaneous" work of occupational health, and occupational health training,Occupational health monitoring work and occupational disease hazard factors detection to carry out the main responsibility of enterprise occupational health.Increase enterprise occupational health investment to provide strong support for dust prevention and control work.To increase the investment of enterprises' occupational health special funds to ensure the normal development of dust prevention and control work; to increase the input of occupational health management personnel to provide personnel protection for dust prevention and control; and to increase the investment in technological innovation of enterprises,To control the hazards of dust occupational disease from the root.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R134;X964

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