铅锌矿开采区锌镉混合接触对职业人群健康影响的研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 09:23

本文选题：铅锌矿开采区 + 锌镉混合接触　；参考：《大理学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：[目的] 进一步研究铅锌矿开采区人群体内锌、镉负荷及健康状况，评价铅锌矿开采区环境锌镉混合接触对职业人群健康的影响，探索其影响的氧化应激机制。 [方法] 在怒江兰坪铅锌矿开采区前期进行有关研究的基础上，确定铅锌矿开采区与非铅锌矿开采区。在铅锌矿开采区内选择工作3年及以上的工人为接触组，在非铅锌矿开采区选择距铅锌矿开采区较远且无水系联系，不受工业污染，而生活习惯、社会经济状况基本相同，从未接触过重金属毒物的居民作为对照组。通过对研究对象常规体格检查和问卷调查，，掌握铅锌矿开采区职业人群健康状况的情况；通过对研究对象进行发样、血样的采集，分析接触组与对照组体内锌、镉负荷及其血清中超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD)、丙二醛（MDA)、谷胱甘肽氧化酶（GSH-Px)等指标的变化，评价铅锌矿开采区环境锌镉混合接触对职业人群健康的影响，探索其影响的氧化应激机制。 [结果] 1.接触组与对照组之间发锌、血锌含量的差异具有统计学意义（P0.05)，且接触组发锌高于对照组，血锌低于对照组。接触组与对照组之间发镉、血镉含量的差异具有统计学意义（P0.05)，接触组发镉、血镉均高于对照组。 2.接触组发镉、血镉随着工龄的增长而增加，且差异均具有统计学意义（P0.05)。 3.接触组腰痛、关节痛、头痛、头晕、记忆力减退、全身酸痛、牙痛、刷牙出血、疲乏无力、腹痛的发生率均高于对照组，且差异具有统计学意义（P0.05) 4.接触组与对照组之间血清超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD)活力、血清谷胱甘肽氧化酶(GSH-Px)活力的差异具有统计学意义（P0.05)，且接触组血清超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽氧化酶（GSH-Px)活力低于对照组。 [结论] 1.暴露在锌、镉污染环境条件下的接触组体内的锌、镉负荷受到影响。接触组发锌、发镉、血镉含量高于对照组；接触组血锌含量低于对照组。 2.暴露在锌、镉污染环境条件下的接触组的血清超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD)活力、血清谷胱甘肽氧化酶（GSH-Px)活力均低于对照组。 3.铅锌矿开采区人群的体内镉负荷随着工龄的增长而增加。 4.在锌、镉混合接触的情况下职业人群的健康状况受到了危害。
[Abstract]:[purpose]The effects of mixed exposure of zinc and cadmium on the health of occupational population in lead-zinc mining area were evaluated and the mechanism of oxidative stress was explored.[methods]On the basis of the previous research in Lanping lead-zinc mining area of Nujiang River, the lead-zinc mining area and the non-lead-zinc mining area are determined.In the lead-zinc mining area, workers who have worked for 3 years or more are selected as contact groups. In the non-lead-zinc mining areas, the workers are chosen to be far away from the lead-zinc mining areas and have no connection with water systems, so they are not affected by industrial pollution, and their living habits and social and economic conditions are basically the same.Residents who had never been exposed to heavy metal poisons served as a control group.By routine physical examination and questionnaire survey, the health status of the occupational population in the lead-zinc mining area was mastered, and the zinc in the exposed group and the control group were analyzed by collecting samples of hair and blood.Cadmium loading and the changes of serum superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione oxidase (GSH-Px) and so on were used to evaluate the effect of mixed exposure of Zn and CD on the health of occupational population in lead-zinc mining area and to explore the mechanism of oxidative stress.[results]1.The difference of hair zinc and blood zinc content between the exposure group and the control group was statistically significant (P 0.05), and the hair zinc content of the contact group was higher than that of the control group, and the blood zinc content was lower than that of the control group.The difference of hair cadmium and blood cadmium content between the exposed group and the control group was statistically significant (P 0.05). The hair cadmium and blood cadmium in the contact group were higher than those in the control group.2.In the exposed group, the cadmium and blood cadmium increased with the increase of the length of service, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05).3.The incidence of low back pain, joint pain, headache, dizziness, memory loss, general soreness, toothache, bleeding from brushing teeth, fatigue and abdominal pain in the contact group were higher than those in the control group (P 0.05).4.The activity of serum superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione oxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly different between the exposed group and the control group, and the activities of serum superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione oxidase (GSH-Px) in the exposed group were lower than those in the control group.[conclusion]1.Exposure to zinc, cadmium pollution environmental conditions in the exposure group zinc, cadmium load is affected.The contents of hair zinc, hair cadmium and blood cadmium in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group, and the blood zinc content in the exposure group was lower than that in the control group.2.The activities of serum superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione oxidase (GSH-Px) in the exposed group were lower than those in the control group.3.The cadmium load of the population in lead-zinc mining area increases with the increase of working age.4.The health status of the occupational population is jeopardized by mixed exposure to zinc and cadmium.
【学位授予单位】：大理学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R13

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