澄迈长寿村生态系统中微量元素分布特征及健康意义

发布时间：2018-04-22 16:21

本文选题：长寿村生态系统 + 微量元素　；参考：《海南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：澄迈县位于海南岛的西北部,获得海南唯一一个“中国长寿之乡”称号,中国老年学会经过科学评审,授予澄迈县“中国长寿之乡”的称号。据最新统计数据,长寿老人比例大大超出中国和联合国“长寿之乡”规定的“存活百岁老人占户籍人口比例达到7/10万和7.5/10万”的标准。澄迈生态环境优越,土质以红壤和沙土壤为主,富含有多种人体所必须的微量元素,产出的农作物对人体健康长寿有促进作用。所有的微量元素都不能在体内合成,完全依赖于从外界环境中摄入。因此,体内微量元素的水平受生态环境因素等影响很大,开展澄迈长寿村生态系统中微量元素研究,从全量、形态分布特征等方面,阐述健康长寿与土壤、饮用水、食物环境的关系,为人类健康机理的研究提供实验依据及基础理论数据。同时可进一步提供了对澄迈的农业,工业,旅游业等方面合理发展的基础,为打造长寿特色经济提供了科学依据。澄迈县辖下一千多个村庄选出了“十大长寿村”,这十个长寿村的长寿指标均高出县的平均指数。根据地理位置和长寿老人的分布特点选择了六个长寿村为研究对象,采集了当地耕地土壤36份、饮用水72份、农作物(蔬菜与水稻各18份)、大米36份、长寿老人的头发36份以及子女辈头发34份样品,并测定了土壤的理化性质。建立高压密封消解,离子选择性电极法测定F含量；火焰原子吸收光谱法测定Zn、Mn、Ca、Fe、Mg元素含量；电感耦合等离子体质谱测定Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Sr元素含量。结果表明：采用高压密封罐消解样品,可得到澄清透明的样品溶液,以离子选择性电极法对样品溶液测定氟,F的浓度在0.0～1.0μg·mL-1范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数R2=0.9941,检出限为0.06μg-m·L-1,方法的精密度RSD9%,加标回收率在96.8%-104.2%之间；以火焰原子吸收光谱法对样品溶液测定,Zn、Mn、Ca、Fe、Mg在其工作浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数R2都在0.994以上,检出限为0.900ng·mL-1～0.955mg·mL-1,方法精密度RSD6%,加标回收率在94.7%～105.4%之间；以电感耦合等离子体质谱对样品溶液测定,Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Sr在工作浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数R2都在0.999以上,检出限为0.900ng·mL-1～0.955ng· mL-1,方法精密度RSD7%,加标回收率在93.2%～102.8%之间。根据测得的实验数据,分析了澄迈长寿村耕地土壤、饮用水、食物、老人头发及子女辈头发中微量元素(Zn、Mn、Ca、Fe、Mg、F、d、Co、Cr、Cu、 Ni、Pb、Sr)的含量特点,并着重探讨了居民头发中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、F元素的分布特征。结果表明：耕地土壤中富含Fe、Zn、F、Sr元素,Ca、Mg、Cd含量也较高,而Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Mn元素含量较低；饮用水中Mg、 Fe、Zn、Mn、Sr含量较高,其中Fe、Zn、Sr、Mg含量与土壤的一致,Cd、Pb远低于允许值,有利于健康；农作物中富含人体必需元素Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Sr；长寿老人头发微量元素谱中,含量较为突出的是Zn、Fe、F元素,并Zn含量很稳定。长寿老人头发元素谱中Zn的含量要高于年轻人的。采用了BCR三步连续提取法研究Cu、Cd、Mn、Fe、Zn元素的形态及生物有效性,分析了形态含量与植物内元素含量的相关性分析。结果表明：BCR提取法中,除了Cu元素,其他元素残渣态所占比例相对较大,Cd、Mn、Zn、Cu和Fe的生物有效性有差异,其中Cd的最大,Zn、Mn、Cu居中,Fe的最小。通过生物吸收系数可看出镁、钙呈现极强富集性,镉、锶、镍、铬和铜为强富集性。镉是有害元素,但是农作物中的镉含量远远小于食物允许值,其对居民健康就不会产生不良影响。各种农作物生物吸收系数的平均值大小顺序为CdCuZn≈MnFe。以澄迈长寿老人头发中具有特征性分布的(Ca、Zn、Mg、F、Fe、Mn)元素为对象,探索其与饮用水、食用米的相关性。根据长寿村的长寿信息建立数学模型得到健康评分,探讨与农作物及其土壤密切相关的元素生物吸收系数的相关性。结果表明：长寿老人头发中的锌、氟与食用米的相关系数大于0.3,有相对显著的相关性。小白菜中Ca的生物吸收系数与健康评分的相关系数大于0.8,呈高度相关,结合着五种元素在老人头发中的分布特征,上海青、地瓜叶可以作为澄迈长寿村居民的健康源农作物。
[Abstract]:Chengmai County, located in the northwest of Hainan Island, has won the title of the only "country of longevity in China" in Hainan. The Chinese Society for the elderly has been awarded the title of "the hometown of longevity in China" in Chengmai county. According to the latest statistics, the proportion of longevity and elderly people is much more than the "live centenarians" in China and the "hometown of longevity" of the United Nations. The proportion of household registered population reaches the standard of 7/10 Vanward 7.5/10 million. The ecological environment of Chengmai is superior, the soil is mainly red soil and sandy soil, rich in the trace elements that have many kinds of human body, and the output of the crops can promote the health and longevity of the human body. All the trace elements can not be synthesized in the body and are completely dependent on the external environment. Therefore, the level of trace elements in the body is greatly influenced by the ecological and environmental factors. The study of trace elements in the ecological system of Chengmai longevity village is carried out. The relationship between healthy longevity and soil, drinking water and food environment is expounded from the aspects of full quantity and morphological distribution, and the experimental basis and basic theoretical data for the research of human health mechanism are provided. At the same time, it can further provide the basis for the rational development of agriculture, industry and tourism in Chengmai, and provide a scientific basis for creating a long life characteristic economy.
The more than 1000 villages in Chengmai county have selected the "ten longevity village". The longevity indicators of the ten longevity villages are all higher than the average index of the county. According to the geographical location and the distribution characteristics of the longevity old people, six longevity villages have been selected as the research objects, and 36 local cultivated soil, 72 water drinking water, and 18 crops (vegetables and rice each) are collected. 36 meters of rice, 36 hair of long elders and 34 samples of children's hair, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil were measured. High pressure sealing digestion, ion selective electrode method were established to determine the content of F; the content of Zn, Mn, Ca, Fe, Mg elements were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry; the content of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and elements were determined by ICP MS. The results show that the clear and transparent sample solution can be clarified with high pressure sealing tank. The fluorine of sample solution is determined by ion selective electrode. The concentration of F has a good linear relationship in the range of 0 ~ 1 g mL-1. The correlation coefficient is R2=0.9941, the detection limit is 0.06 Mu G-M. L-1, the precision RSD9% of the method is RSD9%, and the recovery rate of the addition standard is 96.8%-10 4.2%, with flame atomic absorption spectrometry, Zn, Mn, Ca, Fe, Mg have a good linear relationship, the correlation coefficient R2 is above 0.994, the detection limit is 0.900ng. ML-1 to 0.955mg mL-1, the method precision RSD6%, the recovery rate between 94.7% and 105.4%; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. For sample solution, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr are well linear in the range of working concentration, and the correlation coefficient R2 is above 0.999. The detection limit is 0.900ng mL-1 to 0.955ng mL-1. The method is precise and the recovery rate is between 93.2% and 102.8%.
Based on the measured data, the contents of the trace elements (Zn, Mn, Ca, Fe, Mg, F, D, Co, Cr, Cu, Cu, Ni, Pb) in the cultivated land of the Chengmai longevity village were analyzed. Elements, Ca, Mg, Cd content is also higher, while Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn element content is low; drinking water Mg, Fe, Zn, the content is higher than the soil. The Zn, Fe and F elements are prominent, and Zn content is very stable. The content of Zn in hair element spectrum of longevity elderly is higher than that of young people.
The morphological and bioavailability of Cu, Cd, Mn, Fe and Zn elements were studied by the continuous extraction of BCR three steps. The correlation analysis between the morphological content and the content of elements in plants was analyzed. The results showed that in the BCR extraction method, the fraction of other elements, except Cu elements, was relatively large, and the bioavailability of Cd, Mn, Zn were different. The largest, Zn, Mn, Cu in the middle, the smallest Fe. Through the biological absorption coefficient can be found that magnesium, calcium is very strong enrichment, cadmium, strontium, nickel, chromium and copper as strong enrichment. Cadmium is a harmful element, but the cadmium content in the crops is far less than the food allowable value, it does not have adverse effects on the health of the residents. The average absorption coefficient of various crops is average. The order of value is CdCuZn MnFe.
Based on the characteristic distribution (Ca, Zn, Mg, F, Fe, Mn) in the hair of Chengmai long - lived elderly, the correlation between the drinking water and the edible rice was explored. Based on the longevity information of longevity village, a mathematical model was set up to get the health score, and the correlation of the biological absorption coefficient of the elements closely related to the crops and soil was discussed. The correlation coefficient of the zinc, fluorine and edible rice in the hair of the elderly was greater than 0.3, and there was a relative significant correlation. The correlation coefficient of the biological absorption coefficient of Ca and health score in Chinese cabbage was more than 0.8, which was highly correlated, combined with the distribution characteristics of five elements in the hair of the old people, Shanghai green, and the leaves of the sweet potato can be used as the health of the residents of Chengmai longevity village. Kang Yuan crops.

【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R151.41;O657

【参考文献】