香精香料中邻苯二甲酸酯污染状况及职工邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基）己酯暴露水平研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 00:40

本文选题：邻苯二甲酸酯 + 标准　；参考：《中国疾病预防控制中心》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的台湾塑化剂事件发生以后,民众对邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂产生恐慌。有资料表明,香精香料中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质含量较高,目前对食品用香精香料中邻苯二甲酸酯管理存在争议,因而需对香精香料中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的污染情况以及管理措施适用性进行研究。另外,考虑到邻苯二甲酸酯类物质除通过膳食进入机体外,还可通过皮肤接触、呼吸系统进入人体,香精香料企业职工较普通人群有更多的暴露途径,本研究对香精香料企业职工DEHP暴露情况开展风险评估,以确定香精香料企业职工是否为DEHP高暴露人群,并且推断目前管理措施的安全性。方法 1.采用文献研究、对比分析法对国内外食品相关的PAEs管理措施进行研究。 2.采用问卷调查法对食品用香精香料企业PAEs污染状况以及目前管理措施的适用性进行调查。 3.采用固相萃取法对人体尿液样品进行前处理,超高效液相色谱-质谱联用仪对人体尿液中DEHP代谢产物MEHP、MEHHP以及MEOHP含量进行测定。 4.采集香精香料企业职工以及普通人群尿液共127份,对其尿液中DEHP代谢产物进行测定,结合药代动力学公式,推导人群DEHP暴露情况。通过与TDI和RfD值进行比较,科学评估目前DEHP暴露风险。结果 1.香精香料中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染来源主要来自原料,其次是生产过程以及包装材料,超过半数的企业对工艺设备进行改进,以减少污染,所调查香精香料产品中DEHP、DBP、DINP以及总PAEs中位数分别为5.46、1.67、未检出以及16.74mg/kg, DEHP是香精香料中污染较为严重的邻苯二甲酸酯类物质。 2.本研究尿液DEHP代谢产物MEHP、MEHHP、MEOHP测定方法检出限分别为：0.78、1.18、1.051μg/L,定量限分别为：2.27、3.41、3.121μg/L,线性良好,回归系数大于0.999,三种物质的加标回收率在76.2%-122.9%之间,RSD均小于10%,方法可靠。 3.采用本实验方法对127份尿液样品进行测定,香精香料企业职工和普通人群无显著性差异,所有研究对象尿液MEHP、MEHHP、MEOHP浓度中位数分别为8.8、11.58、7.86μg/g肌酐,所有研究对象DEHP每日摄入量均小于EFSA给出的TDI:50μg/kg bw/day,:2.34%研究对象超出美国EPA的参考值RfD:20μg/kg bw/day。结论 1.目前美国、欧盟、日本以及我国对邻苯二甲酸酯的管理主要针对食品包装材料,对其可使用种类、使用范围、使用量进行限制,事件发生后,为加强对邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的管理,我国针对食品以及食品添加剂设置了临时限量,考虑到香精香料这一食品添加剂的特殊性,卫生部发函对食品用香精香料中邻苯二甲酸酯的总量进行了规定。其他国家并未对食品及食品添加剂中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质进行限定。我国对于邻苯二甲酸酯的管理是与发达国家接轨的,且更为严格。 2.目前需加强香精香料原料、生产过程以及包装材料中邻苯二甲酸酯类物质的管理,以减轻污染,根据本调查中香精香料邻苯二甲酸酯污染状况,认为目前对于香精香料中邻苯二甲酸酯的限量要求具有可行性,适用性较好,可满足企业生产需要。 3.本研究尿液MEHP、MEHHP、MEOHP测定方法简便可靠,使用该方法对研究对象尿液DEHP代谢产物进行测定,推导其暴露情况,提示目前香精香料企业职工DEHP暴露情况较为安全,我国针对DEHP的管理可以保护大众健康。下一步建议增加所评估邻苯二甲酸酯种类并且增大样本量,开展更具代表性的人群研究。
[Abstract]:Purpose

In addition , it is necessary to study the contamination of phthalate esters in essence and perfume and the applicability of management measures . In addition , it is necessary to study the pollution situation of phthalic acid ester substances in essence and perfume and the applicability of management measures . In addition , considering that phthalic acid ester substances can be exposed to the human body through skin contact , respiratory system can enter the human body , and the workers of perfume and perfume enterprises have more exposure way , this study evaluates the exposure of workers and workers in essence and perfume enterprises to determine whether the workers of the perfume and perfume enterprises are highly exposed to the people and deduce the safety of the current management measures .

method

1 . Literature research and comparative analysis were used to study PAEs management measures at home and abroad .

2 . The investigation of the status of PAEs pollution and the applicability of current management measures were investigated by means of questionnaire investigation .

3 . Determination of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP in human urine samples by solid - phase extraction and ultra - high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry .

4 . A total of 127 workers and urine of the general population were collected for the determination of the metabolites in urine , and the exposure of the population was deduced by combining the pharmacokinetic formulas . By comparing with the values of TDI and RfD , the risk of exposure to the current is assessed by scientific evaluation .

Results

1 . The source of phthalate in essence was mainly from the raw material , followed by the production process and the packing material , more than half of the enterprises improved the process equipment to reduce the pollution . In the essence and perfume products investigated , the median number of dibutyl phthalate , DBP , DINP and total PAEs were 5.46 , 1.67 , 16.74mg / kg and 16.74mg / kg , respectively .

2 . The detection limits of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP were 0.78 , 1.18 and 1.051 渭g / L , respectively . The limits of quantitation were : 2.27 , 3.41 , 3.121 渭g / L , good linearity , regression coefficient > 0.999 , recoveries of three substances were between 76.2 % and 122.9 % , the RSD was less than 10 % , and the method was reliable .

3 . There was no significant difference in the concentrations of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP in urine samples from 127 samples of urine samples . All study subjects showed that MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP were 8.8 , 11.58 and 7.86 渭g / g creatinine , respectively . The daily intake of all study subjects was less than that given by EFSA : 50 渭g / kg bw / day , and 2.34 % of subjects exceeded the US EPA reference value RfD : 20渭g / kg bw / day .

Conclusion

1 . At present , the United States , the European Union , Japan and our country ' s management of phthalic acid esters are mainly aimed at the food packaging materials . After the occurrence of the incident , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalic acid ester substances , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalic acid ester substances , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalic acid ester substances , in order to strengthen the management of the phthalate substances , the Ministry of Health has issued a letter to the food and food additives .

2 . At present , it is necessary to strengthen the management of the raw materials , the production process and the phthalic acid ester substances in the packaging materials to reduce the pollution . According to the pollution situation of the spice phthalate in the investigation , it is believed that the requirement of the phthalic acid ester in the essence is feasible , the applicability is good , and the production needs of the enterprise can be satisfied .

3 . The determination method of MEHP , MEHHP and MEOHP in urine of urine is simple and reliable . This method is used to determine the metabolites of human urine and urine , and to deduce the exposure . It is suggested that the exposure situation of workers and workers is safer . In the next step , it is suggested to increase the categories of phthalate esters and increase the sample size and carry out more representative population studies .

【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R131

【参考文献】