大连市3岁以下婴幼儿体格发育的动态评价

发布时间：2018-04-26 21:02

本文选题：婴幼儿 + 生长发育　；参考：《大连医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:分析2010-2015年大连市3岁以下婴幼儿身长(高)、体重的达均值率、营养性疾病发生率的动态变化,从群体水平了解大连市3岁以下婴幼儿的体格发育现状;分析大连市甘井子区某街道3岁以下婴幼儿体格纵向监测数据,了解本地区3岁婴幼儿的生长发育轨迹,为完善本地区婴幼儿保健工作奠定基础。方法:采用SPSS17.0统计软件分析2010-2015年大连市15个区(市)县户籍3岁以下婴幼儿体检汇总资料,计算3岁以下婴幼儿身高、体重的达均值率、生长发育迟缓率、消瘦率、低体重率、肥胖率;纵向收集2013年1月-2016年6月出生的在大连市甘井子区某防治站进行体检的3岁以下婴幼儿的体检资料,采用纵向数据的混合效应模型,分析0-3岁间婴幼儿的身高、体重的纵向变化趋势,建立生长曲线。结果:2010-2015年大连市城市3岁以下婴幼儿的身长(高)、体重达均值率在75%左右波动变化,农村则在60%左右波动变化,6年间城市3岁以下婴幼儿的身长(高)和体重达均值率均高于农村;2010-2015年间大连市城市3岁以下婴幼儿的生长发育迟缓率在0.20%-0.60%之间波动变化,农村婴幼儿的生长发育迟缓率在0.80%-1.30%之间波动变化,6年间农村婴幼儿生长发育迟缓率分别是城市的4.2倍、1.8倍、4.7倍、2.9倍、3.3倍、2.6倍;3岁以下婴幼儿的低体重率在城市和农村分别在0.50%-0.90%和0.90%-1.10%之间波动变化,6年间农村3岁以下婴幼儿的低体重率分别是城市的1.6倍、1.5倍、1.7倍、1.8倍、1.3倍、1.6倍;3岁以下婴幼儿的消瘦率在城市和农村分别在0.20%-0.40%以及0.80%-1.30%之间波动变化,6年内农村3岁以下婴幼儿的消瘦率分别为城市的4.6倍、3.5倍、5.0倍、3.1倍、3.7倍、2.5倍;大连市城市和农村3岁以下婴幼儿的肥胖率分别在3.90%-5.50%和2.10%-3.10%之间波动变化,6年间城市3岁以下婴幼儿的肥胖率分别是农村的1.8倍、1.8倍、1.8倍、1.5倍、1.7倍、1.6倍;大连市甘井子区某街道3岁以下男女婴幼儿身长(高)、体重随月龄增大而增长,且同一月龄男孩的平均身长(高)、平均体重均高于女孩,身长(高)、体重的增长速度也大于女孩;0-36月龄婴幼儿身长受父亲身高影响,父亲身高每增加1cm,婴幼儿的身长平均增加0.250cm,0-36月龄婴幼儿身长的增长速率平均每月减少0.045cm,呈现一种减速增长趋势;0-36月龄男孩体重的增长速率平均每月减少0.0461kg,女孩体重的增长速率平均每月减少0.0457 kg,均呈现一种减速增长趋势。结论:大连市3岁以下婴幼儿身长(高)、体重发育处于较高水平;大连市3岁以下婴幼儿生长迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率、肥胖率保持在较低水平,且城乡之间存在差距;仍应加强农村婴幼儿的营养不良状况的改善、加强婴幼儿肥胖的控制。3岁以内,随着月龄的不断增加,婴幼儿的身长(高)和体重均呈现一种减速增长趋势,符合生长发育规律。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the dynamic changes of body length (height, average body weight) and the incidence of nutritional diseases of infants under 3 years old in Dalian from 2010 to 2015, and to understand the current situation of physical development of infants under 3 years old in Dalian from group level. The longitudinal monitoring data of infants under 3 years of age in a street in Ganjingzi District of Dalian City were analyzed to understand the growth and development track of infants and toddlers aged 3 years in this area so as to lay a foundation for improving the health care work of infants and children in this area. Methods: the data of physical examination of infants under 3 years old in 15 districts (cities) of Dalian from 2010 to 2015 were analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. The average height, weight, growth retardation rate, wasting rate and low weight rate of infants under 3 years old were calculated. Obesity rate; Longitudinal collection of physical examination data of infants under 3 years old who were born in a prevention and treatment station in Ganjingzi District, Dalian City from January 2013 to June 2016. The height of infants aged 0-3 years was analyzed by using the mixed effect model of longitudinal data. The longitudinal variation trend of body weight was established to establish the growth curve. Results from 2010 to 2015, the body length of infants under the age of 3 in Dalian City (high) and the average body weight rate fluctuated by about 75%. The average body length (height) and body weight of infants under 3 years of age in urban areas were higher than those in Dalian city between 2010 and 2015, and the growth retardation rate of infants under 3 years of age fluctuated between 0.20% and 0.60% in rural areas. The growth retardation rate of infants in rural areas fluctuated between 0.80% and 1.30%. The growth retardation rates of rural infants and young children in the past six years were 4.2 times, 1.8 times, 4.7 times, 2.9 times and 3.3 times as much as those in the cities, respectively, and the low body weight rates of infants under 3 years of age were found in the cities and the cities. Between 0.50% -0.90% and 0.90% -1.10% in rural areas, the low body weight rates of infants under 3 years of age in rural areas were 1.6 times, 1.5 times, 1.7 times, 1.3 times and 1.3 times as high as those in urban areas, respectively, and the wasting rate of infants under 3 years of age were 0.20 and -0.40% in urban and rural areas, respectively. And between 0.80% and 1.30%, the emaciation rate of children under 3 years old in rural areas was 4.6 times 3.5 times 3.5 times 5.0 times and 3.1 times 3. 7 times and 2.5 times as much as that of urban areas in 6 years. The obesity rates of urban and rural children under 3 years of age fluctuated between 3.90% -5.50% and 2.10% -3.10% respectively. The obesity rates of urban children under 3 years of age in 6 years were 1.8 times, 1.8 times, 1.5 times and 1.5 times as much as those in rural areas, respectively, and the rates of obesity in urban children under 3 years old were 1.8 times, 1.8 times, 1.5 times and 1.7 times to 1.6 times, respectively. In a street of Ganjingzi District, Dalian City, infants and children under 3 years old were tall (tall, weight increased with the increase of age, and the average body length of boys of the same month was higher than that of girls. Height (height) and weight gain rate were also higher than that of girls (0-36 months old) and influenced by their father's height. When the father's height increased by 1 cm, the average body length of the infant increased by 0.250 cm / kg and the average growth rate of the infant's body length decreased by 0.045 cm / month. The growth rate of the body weight of the boys aged 0-36 months decreased by 0.0461kg / month, and the growth rate of the body weight of the boys aged 0-36 months decreased by 0.0461kg / month on average. The growth rate of heavy weight decreased by 0.0457 kg per month on average, showing a trend of deceleration. Conclusion: the growth retardation rate, low weight rate, wasting rate, obesity rate of infants under 3 years old in Dalian City are at a low level, and there is a gap between urban and rural areas, and the growth retardation rate, low weight rate, weight loss rate and obesity rate of infants under 3 years old in Dalian City are at a higher level. It is still necessary to strengthen the improvement of malnutrition among rural infants and toddlers, and to strengthen the control of infant obesity within the age of .3 years. With the continuous increase of age, the length (high) and weight of infants and young children show a trend of decelerating growth. It accords with the law of growth and development.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R174

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