杀虫双、速灭威混配对小鼠全血胆碱酯酶活性的影响及其联合毒性研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 04:09

本文选题：混配农药 + 杀虫双　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的：探讨杀虫双和速灭威混配对小鼠致死以及全血胆碱酯酶活性影响的协同作用,为识别、评价和控制混配农药的潜在危害提供科学的依据。研究方法：以昆明种清洁级小鼠为实验动物,根据实验设计进行杀虫双和速灭威以及联合毒性实验,分为四步(1)杀虫双单独染毒LD50试验；(2)速灭威单独染毒LD50试验；(3)杀虫双、速灭威混配LD50试验；(4)杀虫双和速灭威混配2×3析因设计试验。各染毒组按相应的染毒方案以0.1ml/10g经口灌胃染毒,染毒后观察动物的中毒表现,并记录症状和死亡情况,利用SPSS13.0软件中的Probit模块概率单位回归求出LD50,然后取血用盐酸羟胺-三氯化铁比色法测定胆碱酯酶活性,检测小鼠全血胆碱酯酶(AChE)对两种农药的敏感性,在此基础上检测两种农药混合对胆碱酯酶(AChE)的联合作用,通过Bliss法、Mansour法、Sun法、Finney法评价混合物的联合作用方式。接着用2×3析因方差分析考察两者对小鼠全血胆碱酯酶影响是否存在交互作用。研究结果：1.实验测得杀虫双经口LD50为152.15mg/kg,速灭威经口LD50为365.47mg/kg,杀虫双、速灭威1：1混配LD50为289.24mg/kg;2. Bliss法得出的增效效果(Me-Mt)=21.6%, Mansour法得出的协同毒力指数c. f=-17.87, Sun法得出的共毒系数(CTC)=74.27, Finney法得出的增效系数=1.49,评价结果均表现为毒性相加作用；3.杀虫双单剂各染毒组小鼠全血胆碱酯酶活性均低于正常生理盐水组,差别有统计学意义(P0.05),胆碱酯酶抑制率最低3.00%,最高35.19%；速灭威单剂各染毒组胆碱酯酶活性均低于正常生理盐水组(P0.01)；胆碱酯酶抑制率最低12.96%,最高42.22%；杀虫双与速灭威1：1混配各染毒组小鼠全血胆碱酯酶活性也低于正常生理盐水组(P0.05),胆碱酯酶抑制率最低15.12%,最高达到45.75%；4.杀虫双和速灭威混配2×3析因设计试验揭示两者对小鼠胆碱酯酶影响存在交互作用,可认为杀虫双100%LD50剂量和速灭威100%LD5。剂量组合时,对小鼠毒性最大,对小鼠全血胆碱酯酶抑制作用最强。结论：1.杀虫双和速灭威属于中毒农药,对小鼠全血胆碱酯酶活性均有不同程度的抑制；2.本课题宜采用Bliss法和Mansour法评价混剂的联合毒力；3.混配后对胆碱酯酶活性抑制更明显,2×3析因设计试验揭示两者对小鼠胆碱酯酶影响存在交互作用,两者混配的急性毒性为联合相加作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the synergistic effect of the mixture of diethoxifen and tachyxonil on the lethal and whole blood cholinesterase activity in mice, and to provide scientific basis for identifying, evaluating and controlling the potential harm of mixed pesticides. Methods: Kunming clean mice were used as experimental animals. According to the experimental design, the experimental results were divided into four steps, I. e., LD50 test with diethoxifen alone and combined toxicity test. It was divided into two groups: LD50 test with two insecticides alone and LD50 test with broxuvir alone. 2 脳 3 factorial design test was used to test the mixture of two insecticides and two kinds of fast diethyldimethylidene (LD50 test) and 2 脳 3 factorial test. According to the corresponding scheme, each group was administrated orally with 0.1ml/10g, and the symptoms and death of the animals were recorded. LD50 was obtained by using the Probit module probabilistic unit regression in SPSS13.0 software, then the activity of cholinesterase was determined by hydroxylamine hydrochloride ferric chloride colorimetry, and the sensitivity of mice whole blood cholinesterase (ache) to two pesticides was detected. On this basis, the combined effect of two pesticides on cholinesterase (ache) was detected, and the combined action of the mixture was evaluated by Bliss and Sun / Finney methods. Then 2 脳 3 factorial variance analysis was used to investigate whether there was interaction between them on the whole blood cholinesterase of mice. The result of the study was: 1. The results showed that the oral LD50 was 152.15 mg / kg, the oral LD50 was 365.47 mg / kg, and the LD50 was 289.24 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-2). The synergistic effect obtained by Bliss method was 21. 6, the synergistic virulence index by Mansour method was C. ff-17.87, the cotoxicity coefficient by Sun method was 74.27, and the synergism coefficient by Finney method was 1. 49. The evaluation results showed that toxicity additive effect was 3%. The activity of cholinesterase in the whole blood of the mice exposed to the insecticide alone was lower than that of the normal saline group. The inhibitory rate of cholinesterase was the lowest 3.00 and the highest was 35.19. The activity of cholinesterase was lower than that of normal saline group (P 0.01); the inhibition rate of cholinesterase was the lowest 12.96% and the highest 42.22%. The whole blood cholinesterase activity of mice exposed to each dose was also lower than that of normal saline group (P 0.05), and the inhibition rate of cholinesterase was 15.12%, the highest was 45.75%. The experimental results of 2 脳 3 factorial design showed that there was interaction between the two groups on cholinesterase in mice. It was suggested that the dose of 100%LD50 and LD5 could be considered. When the dose was combined, the toxicity was greatest in mice and the inhibitory effect on cholinesterase in whole blood was strongest. Conclusion 1. It is a toxic pesticide and has different degree of inhibition on cholinesterase activity in whole blood of mice. In this paper, Bliss method and Mansour method should be used to evaluate the combined virulence of the mixture. The inhibitory effect on cholinesterase activity of mice was more obvious after mixing. The results of 2 脳 3 factorial design showed that there was interaction between them on cholinesterase activity in mice, and the acute toxicity of the two mixtures was a combined additive effect.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R114

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