某燃煤电厂脱硝系统职业病危害因素的调查与评价

发布时间：2018-05-02 10:09

本文选题：燃煤发电 + 脱硝工艺　；参考：《南华大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：通过对该燃煤电厂脱硝工艺系统中可能存在的职业病危害因素的调查，分析和明确该项目可能产生的职业病危害因素的种类和产生的主要环节；通过检测该项目中主要化学和物理性职业病危害因素的浓度或强度，并对该项目中存在的主要职业病危害因素进行评价，保障该项目为劳动者创造符合国家职业卫生标准和卫生要求的工作环境和条件，并采取措施保障劳动者获得职业卫生保护。方法： 1．职业卫生学现场调查内容包括：该项目生产工艺过程，识别和确定生产中存在的职业病危害因素种类；核查作业场所职业病危害防护设施、应急救援设施、个人使用的职业病防护用品、职业病危害警示标识配置等措施的落实情况。 2．依据国家相关技术规范和标准的要求，在该项目运行正常情况下，对生产过程中产生的职业病危害因素进行现场检测和实验室分析，对该项目工作场所职业病危害因素的浓(强)度以及职业病危害防护设施的防护效果进行评定。结果： 1.职业卫生现场调查结果表明，该电厂脱硝系统主要存在CO、CO_2、NO_x、SO_2、NH_3、炉灰尘、噪声及高温等职业病危害因素。 2.在该项目运行正常情况下，对工作地点空气中CO、CO_2、NO_x、SO_2、NH_3、炉灰尘现场采样检测结果表明，工作场所空气中CO、CO_2、NO_x、SO_2、NH_3、炉灰尘短时间接触浓度均符合国家职业卫生标准限值。在稀释风机工作地点噪声强度超过国家职业卫生标准，其他工作地点噪声强度符合国家职业卫生标准限值。 3.职业病防护措施方面，工作场所备有较完善的个人防护用品和应急救援措施。工作场所设置有职业安全警示标识，，但氨灌区等有毒气体处无警示宣传牌。结论： 1.该电厂脱硝系统中主要存在CO、CO_2、NO_x、SO_2、NH_3、V_2O_5、炉灰尘、噪声及高温等职业病危害因素，其中NH_3、V_2O_5、粉尘和噪声是脱硝工艺的职业病危害关键控制点。 2.该项目采取了必要的职业病危害防护措施，对预防和控制职业病的发生具有一定的效果。
[Abstract]:Objective: Through the investigation of the possible occupational hazard factors in the denitrification process system of the coal-fired power plant, the types and main links of the occupational disease hazard factors that may be produced in the project are analyzed and clarified. By detecting the concentration or intensity of the main chemical and physical occupational hazards in the project, and evaluating the main occupational hazard factors in the project, To ensure that the project creates a working environment and conditions that meet the national occupational health standards and health requirements, and to take measures to ensure workers' access to occupational health protection. Methods: 1. The contents of the on-site investigation of occupational hygiene include: the production process of the project, the identification and determination of the types of occupational disease hazard factors existing in the production, the verification of the occupational disease hazard protection facilities in the workplace, and the emergency rescue facilities, Personal use of occupational disease protection equipment, occupational hazards warning signs and other measures to implement the situation. 2. In accordance with the requirements of the relevant national technical specifications and standards, under the normal operation of the project, the occupational hazard factors produced in the production process are detected on the spot and analyzed in the laboratory. The intensity (intensity) of occupational hazard factors and the protective effect of occupational hazards protection facilities in the workplace of the project were evaluated. Results: 1. The results of the occupational health field investigation show that the main hazard factors of the denitrification system in this power plant are COCOC _ (2) no _ (x) so _ (2) NH _ (3), furnace dust, noise and high temperature. 2. Under the normal operation of the project, the results of on-site sampling and detection of the COCOC _ 2NOX _ XO _ 2NH _ 3 in the air of the workplace show that the COCOCO2NOxso _ 2o _ 2 / NH _ 3 in the air of the workplace is in line with the national occupational health standard limit for the short time contact concentration of the furnace dust. The results show that the number of COCOO _ 2O _ x so _ 2 / NH _ 3 in the air of the workplace is in accordance with the national occupational health standard. The noise intensity of the dilute fan in the working place exceeds the national occupational health standard, and the noise intensity in other workplaces conforms to the national occupational health standard limit. 3. Occupational disease prevention measures, the workplace with more complete personal protective equipment and emergency rescue measures. Workplace has occupational safety warning signs, but ammonia irrigation areas and other toxic gases without warning signs. Conclusion: 1. In the denitrification system of the power plant, there are main hazard factors of occupational disease, such as COCO2CO2NOSXSO2C, NH3SO2S, NH3V2O5, furnace dust, noise and high temperature. Among them, NH3 / V2O5, dust and noise are the key control points of occupational disease hazard in denitrification process. 2. The project has taken necessary measures to prevent and control occupational diseases.
【学位授予单位】：南华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R13

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