甲醛暴露对职业工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率影响的研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 16:27

  本文选题：甲醛 + 职业暴露　； 参考：《复旦大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：探讨甲醛暴露对某化工厂工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率的影响。 方法：选择某化工厂有代表性的车间,使用手持甲醛测试仪测定空气甲醛浓度。应用横断面调查的方法,统计甲醛对工人的自觉症状、情绪的影响状况。采集工人外周静脉血,检测基本生化指标,并用酶联免疫分析法测定内暴露标志物血清甲醛-白蛋白加合物(FA-HSA)的含量,根据内暴露标志物的三分位数将人群分为低、中、高水平3个接触组,用胞质分裂阻滞法微核试验检测外周血淋巴细胞遗传物质的损伤情况。 结果：甲醛接触车间的平均空气甲醛含量为2.53±2.17mg/m3,而在对照环境中空气甲醛含量小于0.3mg/m3。自觉症和个人情绪方面,甲醛接触组工人反映有更多的流泪、流涕、疲乏无力、记忆力减退。外周静脉血生化指标检测显示,甲醛对职业接触工人的总蛋白、球蛋白及A/G差异均有显著影响。甲醛接触工人与对照组工人血清中FA-HSA平均水平分别为(204±103.2)、(29.3±8.3)pg/ml,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。甲醛暴露组工人外周血淋巴细胞的双核淋巴细胞微核率(MNF)为(2.09±0.63‰)、微核细胞率(MNCF)为(1.89±0.63‰)与正常对照组MNF(0.82±0.32‰)、MNCF(0.83±0.21‰)相比,有显著差异(P0.01)。低、中、高甲醛累积接触工人外周血淋巴细胞MNF分别为1.36±1.36‰、2.11±1.41‰和2.49±1.92‰,且MNF的差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。并且甲醛暴露工人的MNF、MNCF与工龄呈一定相关性。 结论：甲醛暴露不仅对工人自觉症及外周血生化指标有显著影响,而且可以显著提高接触工人外周血淋巴细胞的微核率。而相比于检测FA-HSA含量的方法,应用胞质分裂阻滞微核法也可以进行简单、快速、经济的检测,作为一种甲醛接触早期健康损害的敏感指标。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effect of formaldehyde exposure on the micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers in a chemical factory. Methods: a representative workshop of a chemical plant was selected and the formaldehyde concentration in air was determined by handheld formaldehyde tester. The effect of formaldehyde on conscious symptoms and mood of workers was analyzed by cross-sectional investigation. The peripheral venous blood of workers was collected, the basic biochemical indexes were detected, and the contents of serum formaldehyde albumin adducts (FA-HSAs) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). The populations were divided into low and middle groups according to the three-position number of internal exposure markers. The damage of genetic material in peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by micronucleus test with cytokinesis block method in three exposed groups at high level. Results: the average formaldehyde content in air was 2.53 卤2.17 mg / m ~ (3) in the exposed workshop, but was less than 0.3 mg / m ~ (3) in the control environment. In terms of self-consciousness and personal emotion, formaldehyde exposed workers reported more tears, runny, fatigue, and memory loss. The biochemical indexes of peripheral vein blood showed that formaldehyde had a significant effect on the total protein, globulin and A- / G difference in occupational workers. The average level of serum FA-HSA in formaldehyde exposed workers and control workers was 29.3 卤8.3 渭 g / ml, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.01). The micronucleus rate and micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in formaldehyde exposed workers were 2.09 卤0.63 鈥，

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