电子垃圾拆解区环境污染对男性生殖能力的影响及相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-05 04:05

本文选题：电子垃圾拆解区 + 生殖能力　；参考：《南方医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景:近年来,国内外许多研究表明男性精液质量越来越差,并且下降的速度越来越快。至于导致男性精液质量下降的原因,可能与以下几方面因素有关:(1)内在因素,包括遗传因素和解剖生理因素等;(2)外在因素,包括环境因素等。其中环境因素对精液质量的影响得到越来越多的重视,包括气温、空气、接触性物质等,有研究表明空气污染可以影响男性生殖健康,接触性环境化学药物毒物对男性生殖健康的影响非常大。特别是在过去的30年中中国的工业迅速发展,环境污染也日益严重,其中电子与电器设备在日常生活中的广泛应用,以及产品更新换代速度的加快,大量报废的电子电器设备或称为电子垃圾在世界范围内急剧增长。在处理这些电子垃圾过程中所产生的种类繁多的有毒有害物质(如重金属及其他化学物质),可能对环境和人类生活造成巨大的威胁。广东贵屿镇是“世界电子垃圾终点站”之一,有着二十多年的作坊式电子垃圾拆解历史。长期不当的电子垃圾处理方式,给当地的环境造成了严重的污染,其中,以重金属和持久性有毒物质(如多环芳烃和多溴联苯醚等)的污染最为突出。但迄今为止,关于电子垃圾回收拆解区男性居民生殖能力情况相关研究还鲜见报道。目的:通过比较电子垃圾拆解区和非电子垃圾拆解区男性居民生殖能力情况,阐明电子垃圾拆解区环境污染对男性生殖能力的影响。方法:选择2013年-2016年于潮阳区各医院生殖科(不孕不育中排除男方因素)、泌尿外科的患者为研究对象,以在贵屿电子垃圾拆解区居住的男性患者为暴露组,匹配非电子垃圾拆解区男性患者为对照组。分析这两组患者研究对象的精液常规,睾酮水平,应用伟力彩色精子质量分析系统分析精子活力、直线运动速度(VSL)、曲线运动速度(VCL)、平均路径速度(VAP)、平均移动角度(MAD)、侧摆幅度(ALH)、鞭打频率(BCF)、前向性(STR)、直线性(LIN)和摆动性(WOB)等参数。为进一步阐明垃圾拆解区影响男性生殖健康的影响因素,我们将检测精液中铅、镉、铬及镍的水平,探索他们与研究对象生殖状况的关系。结果:比较两组研究对象的的精液常规指标,结果显示暴露组的精子密度下降,但差异不显著,但是暴露组的精子活动率明显下降,差异具有统计学意(P0.05)。比较两组患者精子运动参数的变化,结果显示暴露组精子运动能力的精子曲线运动度、精子直线运动速度、精子平均路径运动速度、以及精子运动直线性比例等指标均显著下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。比较两组研究对象血清中的激素水平,结果显示两组研究对象的卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素及泌乳素均无显著变化,而暴露组的睾酮水平明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。分别检测两组患者精液中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)及镍(N)的水平,结果显示对照组和暴露组的水平分别为(108.6±20.4)与(48.9±12.7)、(2.5±0.9)与(3.2±1.1)、(25.1±8.0)与(26.8±8.1)、(8.9±2.0)与(9.2±3.1)。其中,暴露组中Pb、Cd水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。进一步比探索精液中铅、镉水平与暴露组生殖健康的相关性,结果显示Pb与暴露组的精子活动率及暴露年限密切相关,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);Cd与暴露组的精子活动率、直线速(μm/s)、路径速(μμm/s)、暴露年限密切相关,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。探索镉离子(CdCl)在(10、50、100、500、1000umol/L)不同浓度下对健康志愿者精子活动率的影响,结果显示镉离子浓度与精子活动率之间呈负相关,随着镉离子浓度增加,精子活动率明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:暴露组的的精子活动率、精子曲线运动度、精子直线运动速度、精子平均路径运动速度、以及精子运动直线性比例等指标均显著下降,暴露组的睾酮水平明显下降。暴露组中Pb、Cd水平明显高于对照组,进一步探索发现精液中镉水平与暴露组生殖健康密切相关,体外实验进一步证明Cd会影响精子活动率。
[Abstract]:Background: in recent years, many studies at home and abroad have shown that the quality of male semen is getting worse and worse, and the decline is getting faster and faster. As to the cause of the quality decline of male semen, the following factors may be related to the following factors: (1) internal factors, including genetic and anatomical factors, and (2) external factors, including environmental factors. More and more attention has been paid to the effect of boundary factors on the quality of semen, including air temperature, air, contact material and so on. Some studies have shown that air pollution can affect male reproductive health. The effects of contact environmental chemical drugs on male reproductive health are very great. Especially in the past 30 years, China's industry has developed rapidly and environmental pollution. Dyeing is becoming more and more serious, in which electronic and electrical equipment are widely used in daily life, and the speed of product renewal is accelerated. A large number of discarded electronic and electrical equipment, or electronic waste, are growing rapidly in the world. And other chemicals) may pose a huge threat to the environment and human life. Guangdong Guiyu town is one of the "world's electronic waste terminal stations", which has a history of more than 20 years of workshop type electronic garbage dismantling. Long term improper disposal of electronic waste has caused serious pollution to the local environment, in which heavy metals and persistence are used. The pollution of sexual toxic substances, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polybrominated diphenyl ethers, is the most prominent. But so far, there are few reports about the reproductive capacity of male residents in the electronic garbage collection and disassembly area. Objective: to clarify the electronic waste by comparing the reproductive capacity of male residents in the dismantling area and non Electronic Refuse dismantling area. The effect of environmental pollution in dismantling area on male reproductive ability. Methods: in the Chaoyang District of Chaoyang in 2013, the reproductive Department of each hospital was excluded from the male factors in infertility. The patients in the Department of urology were selected as the research object. The male patients who lived in the dismantling area of Guiyu electronic garbage dismantling were the exposed group, and the male patients were matched with the non electronic garbage dismantling area. Group. Analysis of the semen routine, testosterone level of the two groups of patients and the analysis of sperm motility, linear velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), average movement angle (MAD), lateral pendulum amplitude (ALH), whiplash frequency (BCF), STR, straightness (LIN) and pendulum. WOB and other parameters. In order to further clarify the factors affecting male reproductive health in the dismantling area, we will examine the levels of lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel in the semen and explore their relationship with the reproductive status of the subjects. Results: the sperm density of the two groups of subjects was compared, and the results showed that the sperm density decreased in the exposed group, but the result was poor. The sperm motility of the exposed group was significantly decreased, but the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The changes of sperm motility parameters in the two groups were compared. The results showed that the motility of sperm motility in the exposed group, the speed of sperm line movement, the average path velocity of sperm, and the linear ratio of sperm motility were the indicators of the sperm motility in the exposed group. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The serum levels of hormone in the two groups were compared. The results showed that there were no significant changes in the follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and prolactin in the two groups, but the level of testosterone in the exposed group was significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Two groups of patients were detected respectively. The level of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (N) in the liquid showed that the level of the control group and the exposed group were (108.6 + 20.4) and (48.9 + 12.7), (2.5 + 0.9) and (3.2 + 1.1), (25.1 + 8) and (26.8 + 8.1), and (8.9 + 48.9) and (8.9 +). The level of Pb and Cd in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The correlation between the levels of lead and cadmium in the semen and the reproductive health of the exposed group showed that Pb was closely related to the sperm activity rate and exposure years in the exposed group, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05); the sperm activity rate of Cd and the exposed group, the linear speed (Mu m/s), the path speed (mu m/s), and the exposure years were closely related, and the difference was statistically significant (P0 .05). Explore the effect of cadmium ion (CdCl) on the sperm activity rate of healthy volunteers at different concentrations (10,501005001000umol/L). The results showed that the concentration of cadmium ions was negatively correlated with the sperm motility, and the sperm activity rate decreased with the increase of cadmium ion concentration, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion: the sperm activity of the exposed group The rate of motility, the motility of sperm curve, the speed of sperm line movement, the average speed of sperm path movement, and the linear proportion of sperm motility decreased significantly, and the level of testosterone in the exposed group decreased obviously. The level of Pb and Cd in the exposed group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Guan, in vitro experiments further proved that Cd could affect sperm motility.

【学位授予单位】：南方医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R114

【参考文献】