长沙地区居民饮水暴露参数调查

发布时间：2018-05-12 13:32

  本文选题：饮水量 + 居民　； 参考：《环境与健康杂志》2015年07期

【摘要】：目的了解长沙地区居民主要饮水暴露参数情况,为评价长沙地区居民对水中化学污染物暴露和健康风险评价提供依据。方法于2011年11月—2012年5月采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,从长沙市随机选取所辖的两个地区中18岁及以上居民进行主要饮水暴露参数的调查,并通过问卷调查和标准量具相结合的方法进行入户调查,获得当地居民的饮水情况。结果长沙地区居民饮用水源主要以自来水和泉水为主,分别占49.7%,24.9%,饮水量中位数为1 575 ml/d,居民夏季饮水量(2 180 ml/d)春、秋季(1 400 ml/d)冬季(1 225 ml/d),男性饮水量(1 650 ml/d)高于女性(1 475 ml/d),饮水量随年龄的增大而增加,60岁及以上居民饮水量最高(1 875 ml/d),18~44岁居民饮水量最低(1 500 ml/d),城市居民饮水量(1 600 ml/d)高于农村居民(1 555 ml/d),饮水量随体质指数(BMI)的升高而增加,超重人群(BMI≥24.0 kg/m2)的饮水量最高(1 555 ml/d),偏瘦人群(BMI18.5 kg/m2)的饮水量最低(1 400 ml/d),高中毕业人群饮水量最多(1 650 ml/d),本科及以上人群饮水量最低(1 450 ml/d),且饮水量在不同性别、年龄、城乡、BMI、文化程度和季节等因素中存在统计学差异(P0.05)。结论长沙地区居民饮水量受性别、年龄、城乡、BMI、文化程度、季节等因素的影响,在评价人体对水中污染物暴露和健康风险应综合考虑各因素条件下的饮水量。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the main drinking water exposure parameters of residents in Changsha, and to provide a basis for evaluating the exposure and health risk of chemical pollutants in water. Methods from November 2011 to May 2012, a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the main drinking water exposure parameters of residents aged 18 years and above in two districts under the jurisdiction of Changsha City. The drinking water condition of local residents was obtained by means of questionnaire survey and standard measurement. Results the main sources of drinking water in Changsha area were tap water and spring water, accounting for 49.7% and 24.9% respectively. The median drinking water was 1 575 ml / d, and the residents drank 2 180 ml / d in summer. In autumn, 1 400 ml / d) in winter, 1 225 ml / d, male drinking 1 650 ml / d) is higher than female 1 475 ml / d, drinking water increases with the increase of age, the highest drinking capacity of residents aged 60 years and over is 1 875 ml / d / d, the lowest water consumption is 1 500 ml / d, the lowest is 1 500 ml / d for urban residents. (1 600 ml / d) is higher than that of rural residents (1 555 ml / d). Drinking water increases with the increase of BMI. Overweight people (BMI 鈮，

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