燕窝对断乳后仔鼠智力水平及母鼠免疫功能的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 04:32

本文选题：燕窝 + 唾液酸　；参考：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：燕窝为雄性的金丝燕于繁殖期通过以其唾液为主,掺杂少许羽毛、苔藓等其他物质筑成的鸟巢,极具食用价值。研究表明燕窝中主要营养成分为唾液酸、蛋白质、还原糖和水,几乎不含脂肪。目前对燕窝功效的研究主要集中在抗病毒、抗衰老、抗氧化以及增加骨骼强度这些方面。未有燕窝对孕期母体免疫功能和受乳子代益智功能的相关研究报道。本研究对孕期、哺乳期和孕乳期雌性小鼠灌胃多种剂量燕窝匀浆物,分析雌性小鼠的乳汁内游离唾液酸和与低聚糖结合唾液酸、与蛋白质结合唾液酸以及唾液酸总量,并在母鼠产仔后对其泌乳量状况进行测算,以分析乳鼠获得营养的状况;通过测定哺乳后母鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数和白介素2(IL-2)含量以分析母鼠摄入燕窝后其免疫功能的变化;通过Morris水迷宫实验、检测血清和大脑中SOD活力、MDA含量等抗氧化指标、大脑皮层和海马中ChAT和AchE活力及神经元计数和BDNF免疫组化染色,综合判断摄取燕窝的孕鼠所哺乳的乳鼠在智力水平及大脑皮层神经元发育上的变化。实验结果表明(1)母鼠在孕期、哺乳期和孕乳期灌胃高剂量燕窝,乳汁中游离唾液酸和低聚糖结合唾液酸显著提高,且泌乳量显著增大。其中乳汁中游离唾液酸含量,孕乳高剂量组、孕期高剂量组显著高于哺乳高剂量组;孕乳高剂量组泌乳量显著高于孕期高剂量组。(2)在怀孕和哺乳期间都灌胃高剂量燕窝匀浆物的母鼠其免疫器官指数的增长最显著,·各时期灌胃低剂量燕窝匀浆物对白介素2的含量均无显著影响,在哺乳期或孕乳期灌胃中剂量燕窝匀浆物可显著增加白介素2含量,只在怀孕期间灌胃则无显著影响。与空白对照组相互比较,在各个时期灌胃高剂量燕窝匀浆物均能显著增加白介素2含量。(3)Morris水迷宫试验中,高剂量组穿越目标区域次数与第三象限滞留时间显著高于对应灌胃时期的中、低剂量组;而唾液酸组的穿越目标区域次数显著多于对应相同灌胃时期的低剂量组、中剂量组和空白对照组,灌胃唾液酸的各组中第三象限停留时间除了孕乳组外,孕期和哺乳期灌胃组均显著大于中剂量组、低剂量燕窝组,且显著低于高剂量燕窝组;就灌胃高剂量各组间的第三象限停留时间比较发现,不同时期灌胃高剂量燕窝匀浆物对仔鼠的空间记忆力并无显著差异,但均显著地比空白对照组要长。(4)孕乳期高剂量燕窝组中雌性小鼠所哺乳的幼崽相比空白对照组大脑和血清SOD活力相对要高,MDA含量显著下降,幼崽大脑皮层与海马区域ChAT活力显著优于空白对照组,AchE活力显著低于空白对照组,海马体神经元数量和BDNF表达量相对较高;空白对照组、孕乳期灌胃唾液酸组和孕乳期高剂量组间大脑鲜重和总蛋白的含量并没有显著区别。综上所述,母体在孕乳期食用高剂量燕窝可增加乳汁中游离唾液酸含量并促进泌乳量提高。在孕、乳期间均食用高剂量燕窝的母体,断乳后其脏器指数的增长较明显。结合细胞因子IL-2水平可见,该组母体断乳后机体免疫功能相对较强。另外,在孕、乳期间均食用燕窝的母体,其受乳子代学习记忆功能相对较强,该功能与脑组织抗氧化功能提高及海马神经元发育有关。
[Abstract]:The bird's nest is a male nests in the breeding period by its saliva, doped with a few feathers, moss and other material nests, which are of great edible value. The study shows that the main nutrients in the bird's nest are sialic acid, protein, reducing sugar and water, and almost no fat. Old, antioxidant, and increased bone strength. No bird's nest has been reported to study maternal immune function and lactate Dai Yizhi function during pregnancy. In this study, various doses of bird's nest homogenate were administered to female mice during pregnancy, lactation and pregnancy, and analyzed the free sialic acid and sialic acid combined with oligosaccharides in the milk of female mice. Combined with protein, sialic acid and total sialic acid were combined with protein to measure the lactation condition of the mother rat after producing the baby. To analyze the nutritional status of the milk mice, the changes in the immune function of the mother rats after the intake of the bird's nest were analyzed by the determination of the thymus index, the spleen index and the interleukin 2 (IL-2) in the mother mice. The Morris water maze was carried out. Test, test serum and brain SOD activity, MDA content and other antioxidant indicators, ChAT and AchE activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and the count of neurons and BDNF immunohistochemical staining, and synthetically determine the changes in the level of intelligence and the development of cerebral cortex neurons in the lactating mice of the pregnant rats who have taken the bird's nest. The experimental results showed that (1) the female rats were pregnant, The high dose of sialic acid and oligosaccharic acid in breast milk increased significantly in lactation and gestation period. The content of free sialic acid and lactate increased significantly. The content of free sialic acid in milk, high dose group of pregnant milk, high dose group of pregnancy was significantly higher than that of high dose group, and the lactating amount in high dose gestation group was significantly higher than that of the high dose group (2). The growth of the immune organ index of the mice with high dose of swallow nest homogenate during pregnancy and lactation was the most significant. The low dose of swallow nest homogenate had no significant effect on the content of interleukin 2 at all times. In lactation or gestation period, the dose of bird's nest homogenate could significantly increase the content of interleukin 2 and only gavage during pregnancy. There was no significant influence. Compared with the blank control group, the high dose of swallow nest homogenate could significantly increase the content of interleukin 2 at each period. (3) in the Morris water maze test, the number of high dose groups crossing the target area and the third quadrant retention time were significantly higher than the middle and low dose groups of the corresponding gavage period, while the sialic acid group crossed the order. The frequency of the standard area was significantly more than that of the low dose group corresponding to the same gavage period. In the middle dose group and the blank control group, the third quadrant residence time in each group of gavage sialic acid was significantly higher than that of the pregnant group, and the gestation and lactation groups were significantly larger than the middle dose group, and the low dose swallow nest group was significantly lower than that of the high dose bird's nest group, and the high dose of the gastric lavage group was higher than the high dose of the swallow nest group. The third quadrant residence time between the groups showed that there was no significant difference in spatial memory between the high dose of the swallow nest homogenate in different periods of time, but significantly longer than that in the blank control group. (4) the breastfeeding cubs of the female mice in the high dose bird's nest group were higher in the activity of the brain and serum SOD than in the blank control group, MDA The ChAT activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of young cubs was significantly better than that in the blank control group, and the activity of AchE was significantly lower than that in the blank control group. The number of hippocampal neurons and the expression of BDNF were relatively high, and there was no significant difference in the fresh weight and total protein content between the blank control group and the gestation period gestation sialic acid group and the high dose gestation period group. In summary, eating high dose bird's nest in pregnant milk can increase the content of free sialic acid in milk and promote the increase of lactation. In pregnancy and milk, the body index of high dose bird's nest is more obvious after weaning. In combination with the level of cytokine IL-2, the immune function of the body after weaning is relatively more than that of the mother body. In addition, the mother's bird's nest is consumed during pregnancy and milk, which is relatively strong in the learning and memory function of the milk generation, which is related to the improvement of the antioxidant function of the brain tissue and the development of the hippocampal neurons.

【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R151

【参考文献】