太原市城区老年人群心理健康与生命质量的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 22:40

本文选题：心理健康 + 生命质量　；参考：《山西医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:了解太原市老年人心理健康和生命质量状况,探讨老年人心理健康和生命质量的主要影响因素,同时深入研究老年人心理健康和生命质量之间的关系。为今后开展具体工作、制定相关政策提供依据,为进一步研究老年人的相关问题奠定基础。方法:本研究采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,运用SCL-90量表和SF-36量表对太原市六个城区的1028名老年人进行问卷调查,采用SPSS22.0软件进行统计学分析。对基本人口学特征进行描述性分析、两样本间比较采用两独立样本t检验、多个样本间比较采用方差分析、影响因素分析采用多重逐步回归方法,对老年人心理健康和生命质量的关系探讨采用典型相关分析。结果:太原市老年人心理健康总分为130.65±38.2,其中,强迫症状在9个维度中得分最高(1.66±0.54),恐怖得分最低(1.30±0.49)。和全国常模相比,除抑郁、焦虑以外,其他维度差异均有统计学意义,且躯体化、强迫症状、恐怖、精神病性得分高于全国常模,人际关系敏感、敌对、偏执得分低于全国常模。老年人生命质量总分为121.75±17.48,其中,生理功能在8个维度中得分最高(82.14±22.56),总体健康状况得分最低(59.51±20.34)。和普通人群常模相比,量表各个维度的差异均有统计学意义,活力和精神健康得分高于普通人群常模得分,其余6个维度的得分均低于普通人群常模水平。和65岁及以上人群常模相比,除情感职能以外,各维度的差异均有统计学意义,且得分均高于65岁及以上人群常模。不同的基本人口学特征、行为生活方式、人际关系、躯体健康状况的老年人的心理健康和生命质量水平均有差别。影响老年人心理健康的主要因素为自理能力、每周锻炼次数、与子女关系、每日睡眠时长、文化程度、三餐规律程度。影响老年人生命质量的主要因素为自理能力、每周锻炼次数、年龄、吸烟状况、生活区域、养老模式、与子女关系。典型相关分析得知,老年人心理健康和生命质量之间确实存在比较显著的相关性,即心理健康状况越好,生命质量水平越高。结论:研究结果表明,太原市老年人心理健康状况一般,其中强迫症状问题突出。自理能力越高、每周锻炼次数越多、与子女关系越好、每日睡眠充足、文化程度越高、三餐越规律的老年人心理健康状况较好。太原市老年人生命质量水平较高。自理能力越好、每周锻炼次数越多、年龄越低、吸烟越少、生活在城市、居家养老、与子女关系良好的老年人生命质量水平越高。老年人心理健康和生命质量有着显著的相关性,即心理健康状况越好,生命质量水平越高。因此,老年人应不断改善自身躯体健康状况,减少慢性病和伤残的发生,关注自身心理健康,形成科学的行为生活方式。同时,政府和社会应当完善老年人相关服务,关注特殊老年群体。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the mental health and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly in Taiyuan City, to explore the main influencing factors of mental health and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly, and to study the relationship between mental health and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly. It provides the basis for future work and policies, and lays the foundation for further research on the related problems of the elderly. Methods: 1028 elderly people in six urban areas of Taiyuan were investigated with SCL-90 and SF-36 by multi-stage random cluster sampling. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis of basic demographic characteristics was carried out. Two independent samples t-test were used for comparison between two samples, ANOVA was used for comparison among multiple samples, and multiple stepwise regression method was used for influencing factor analysis. To explore the relationship between mental health and quality of life in the elderly, canonical correlation analysis was used. Results: the total score of mental health of the elderly in Taiyuan was 130.65 卤38.2. Among them, the score of obsessive-compulsive symptom was the highest (1.66 卤0.54) in 9 dimensions, and the lowest score was 1.30 卤0.49m in phobia. The scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, phobia, psychosis were higher than those of the national norm, except depression and anxiety, and the scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, phobia and psychosis were higher than those of the national norm, and the interpersonal relationship was sensitive and hostile. The score of paranoid ideation is lower than the national norm. The total score of quality of life of the elderly was 121.75 卤17.48, in which physiological function had the highest score of 82.14 卤22.56 and the lowest score of 59.51 卤20.34 in the eight dimensions. Compared with the norm of the general population, the difference of each dimension of the scale was statistically significant, the scores of vitality and mental health were higher than those of the norm of the general population, and the scores of the other six dimensions were all lower than the normal level of the general population. Compared with the norm of 65 years old and above, there were significant differences in all dimensions except emotional function, and the scores were higher than those of the norm of 65 years old and above. There were differences in mental health and quality of life among the elderly with different demographic characteristics, behavioral lifestyle, interpersonal relationships and physical health. The main factors affecting the mental health of the elderly were self-care ability, exercise times per week, relationship with their children, length of sleep per day, education level and regular degree of three meals. The main factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly were self-care ability, exercise times per week, age, smoking status, living area, old-age model, and relationship with children. Canonical correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between mental health and quality of life of the elderly, that is, the better the mental health, the higher the quality of life level. Conclusion: the results show that the mental health status of the elderly in Taiyuan is general, among which obsessive-compulsive symptoms are prominent. The higher the self-care ability, the more times of exercise per week, the better the relationship with their children, the better the daily sleep, the higher the education level, the better the mental health of the elderly with more regular meals. The quality of life of the elderly in Taiyuan is high. The better self-care ability, the more times of exercise per week, the lower the age, the less smoking, the higher the quality of life of the elderly who live in the city, live at home and provide for the aged, and have a good relationship with their children. There is a significant correlation between mental health and quality of life of the elderly, that is, the better the mental health, the higher the quality of life. Therefore, the elderly should constantly improve their physical health, reduce the incidence of chronic diseases and disability, pay attention to their own mental health, and form a scientific behavioral lifestyle. At the same time, the government and society should perfect the related services for the elderly and pay attention to the special elderly groups.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R161.7

【参考文献】