西安市突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征及应急处置效果分析

发布时间：2018-07-11 15:40

本文选题：突发公共卫生事件 + 流行病学特征　；参考：《现代预防医学》2017年14期

【摘要】：目的对西安市2006-2016年报告的突发公共卫生事件进行流行病学及应急处置效果分析,为今后的有效应对提供依据。方法在"突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统"中搜集该市2006-2016年报告的突发公共卫生事件信息资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析。结果共报告突发公共卫生事件71起3 915例,全部暴发在学校,其中未分级事件50起,一般事件20起,较大事件1起。暴发高峰期是3-6月(35起)和10-12月及次年1月(32起);高危场所是小学(48起)和中学(15起)。经呼吸道途径传播的共66起,前3位病种依次是流行性腮腺炎、水痘和流行性感冒,其报告时间中位数依次为8 d,17 d,6 d,持续时间中位数依次为34 d,29 d,8 d,疫情报告时间与其持续时间均呈正相关(rs值依次为0.565,0.767和0.601,P值均小于0.05)。结论中小学是突发公共卫生事件暴发的主要场所。做好呼吸道传染病的防控是关键。及早报告和有效的应急处置有助于疫情的及时控制。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiology and emergency response of public health emergencies reported in Xi'an from 2006 to 2016, so as to provide the basis for effective response in the future. Methods data of public health emergencies reported in the city from 2006 to 2016 were collected in the Emergency Public Health incident Management Information system and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 71 public health emergencies (3 915 cases) were reported, all of which occurred in schools, including 50 cases of unclassified events, 20 cases of general events and 1 case of major events. Peak outbreaks occurred in March-June (35) and October-December and January of the following year (32); high risk sites were primary (48) and secondary (15). A total of 66 cases were transmitted through the respiratory tract. The top three diseases were mumps, chickenpox and influenza. The median reporting time was 8 days, 17 days and 6 days, and the median duration was 34 days, 29 days and 8 days, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the reporting time and the duration (rs = 0.5650.767 and 0.601g P < 0.05). Conclusion Primary and secondary schools are the main places for public health emergencies. The prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases is the key. Early reporting and effective emergency response contribute to the timely control of the epidemic.
【作者单位】：西安市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R181.3

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