云南省农村居民四种慢性病的流行现状及其对生命质量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-07-22 17:26

【摘要】：目的调查云南省农村居民高血压、糖尿病、冠心病和脑卒中4种慢性病的流行现状,并分析其对生命质量的影响。方法 2015年1—9月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取云南省12个行政村符合纳入标准的农村居民5 040例作为调查对象,分别进行体格检查和一对一面访调查。问卷内容包括人口学特征(性别、年龄、文化程度、家庭人均年收入、婚姻情况)、肥胖情况(全身性肥胖、中心性肥胖)、生命质量〔采用健康调查简表(SF-36)评价,包括8个维度(生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、生命力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康)得分和2个综合得分(躯体健康综合得分、精神健康综合得分)〕,高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、脑卒中患病情况;并采用多元线性回归分析农村居民生命质量的影响因素。结果共发放问卷5 040份,回收有效问卷4 979份,回收有效率为98.8%。4 979例农村居民中,高血压患者1 757例(35.3%),糖尿病患者491例(9.9%),冠心病患者191例(3.8%),脑卒中患者83例(1.7%),健康者2 911例(58.5%)。高血压患者生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能、情感职能得分及躯体健康综合得分、精神健康综合得分均低于健康人群(P0.05);糖尿病患者生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、生命力、情感职能得分及躯体健康综合得分均低于健康人群(P0.05);冠心病、脑卒中患者生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、生命力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康得分及躯体健康综合得分、精神健康综合得分均低于健康人群(P0.05)。性别、年龄、文化程度、家庭人均年收入、患高血压、患糖尿病、患冠心病、患脑卒中是农村居民躯体健康综合得分的影响因素(P0.05);性别、文化程度、家庭人均年收入、肥胖、患冠心病、患脑卒中是农村居民精神健康综合得分的影响因素(P0.05)。结论云南省农村居民4种慢性病中高血压患病率最高,其次是糖尿病和冠心病,且慢性病患者生命质量较健康人群明显下降,因此,需加强慢性病患者的疾病干预和健康管理,改善其生命质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke in rural residents of Yunnan province, and to analyze their influence on quality of life. Methods from January to September 2015, 5,040 rural residents in 12 administrative villages of Yunnan province were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling method, and were investigated by physical examination and one-to-one interview respectively. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics (sex, age, education, per capita household income, marital status), obesity (general obesity, central obesity), and quality of life (evaluated using the health survey summary table (SF-36). Including 8 dimensions (physical function, physical pain, overall health, vitality, social function, emotional function, mental health) and 2 comprehensive scores (physical health comprehensive score, mental health comprehensive score),) Hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting the quality of life of rural residents. Results A total of 5 040 questionnaires were sent out and 4 979 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective rate of recovery was 98.88.979 rural residents, including 1 757 (35. 3%) patients with hypertension, 491 (9. 9%) patients with diabetes, 191 (3.8%) patients with coronary heart disease, 83 (1. 7%) patients with stroke and 2 911 (58. 5%) healthy subjects. The scores of physiological function, somatic pain, general health, social function, emotional function and mental health of hypertension patients were lower than those of healthy people (P0.05); The scores of somatic pain, overall health, vitality, affective function and physical health were lower than those of healthy population (P0.05); physiological function, somatic pain, general health, vitality, social function of coronary heart disease, stroke patients, The scores of emotional function, mental health, physical health and mental health were lower than those of healthy people (P0.05). Sex, age, education level, average annual income of family, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and stroke were the influencing factors of comprehensive score of physical health of rural residents (P0.05); gender, education level, per capita income of family, obesity, Coronary heart disease, stroke is the rural residents mental health comprehensive score factors (P0.05). Conclusion the prevalence of hypertension in rural residents of Yunnan Province is the highest, followed by diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease, and the quality of life of the patients with chronic diseases is obviously lower than that of healthy people. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the disease intervention and health management of the patients with chronic diseases. Improve their quality of life.
【作者单位】：昆明医科大学公共卫生学院;昆明医科大学第一附属医院肾内科;云南省昆明市宜良县第一人民医院院务部;云南省楚雄彝族自治州大姚县卫生和计划生育局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71263032) 云南省教育厅重大专项课题(Zd2014005) 昆明医科大学重大科技成果培育项目(CGPY201503)
【分类号】：R181.3

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