ALAD和VDR基因多态性对汉族铅暴露工人铅毒性的影响
发布时间：2018-07-28 14:58
【摘要】：目的 探讨δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶（δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase，ALAD）和维生素D受体（vitamin D receptor，VDR）基因多态性与汉族职业铅暴露工人血铅、血红蛋白和血清钙的关系，为定群研究提供基础资料，为筛选高危人群提供科学依据。 方法 1、2011年11月对武汉市某铅蓄电池厂铅烟、铅尘进行现场监测，并结合该企业2006-2010年现场监测资料，评估不同铅作业位点铅烟和铅尘的动态变化情况。 2、对该企业职工进行问卷调查和常规职业病健康体检。 3、根据文献报道的ALAD和VDR不同等位基因在人群中的分布频率，估算出最小样本量分别为125人和222人，本次研究从参与体检的387名工人中分别选择了186名工人和230名工人用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法检测了工人的ALAD和VDR基因亚型，限制性内切酶分别为MspⅠ和BsmⅠ，火焰原子吸收光谱法测230名工人的血清钙水平。 4、比较不同ALAD基因亚型对工人血铅和血红蛋白的影响以及不同VDR基因亚型工人间血铅和血清钙水平的差异。 5、应用Excel录入数据，SAS8.1进行统计学分析，以p=0.05作为差异是否有统计学意义的判断标准。 结果 1、卫生学调查 纵观2006-2011年该企业的环境监测资料，每个铅作业位点的铅烟、铅尘浓度均超过国家标准的0.03mg/m~3和0.05mg/m~3，铅烟在焊接作业位点的浓度最高且近四年来呈现出增高的趋势，几何均数为0.355mg/m~3，铅尘在分片作业位点最高，波动幅度较大，几何均数为1.123mg/m~3,其他作业位点铅烟、铅尘浓度的变化幅度不大； 焊接组工人佩戴进口3G口罩，且每班平均工作时间2小时，而其他工种工人佩戴的均为普通防尘口罩，每班工作时间均为8小时。 2、2011年不同工种工人血铅水平比较 血铅在不同工种工人中的分布与工人工作环境中的铅浓度分布基本一致，分片组工人血铅最高，为327.92μg/L，而焊接作业位点铅烟浓度虽高，，但工人工作时间短，防护措施更为严密，实际接触剂量小，工人血铅水平并不高，为310.57μg/L，低于铅烟浓度更低的熔铅作业位点的工人。 3、ALAD和VDR基因频率分布 186名检测了ALAD基因型的工人中，ALAD11纯合子基因型174人，占93.55%，ALAD_(12)杂合子基因型12人，占6.45%，未检测到ALAD_(22)纯合子基因型；对于VBR基因，VDR_(bb)纯合子基因型198人，VDR_(Bb)杂合子基因型29人，VDR_(BB)纯合子基因型3人，分别占86.09%，12.61%，1.30%。ALAD和VDR基因型分布均符合Hardy—Weinberg平衡。 4、ALAD不同基因亚型工人血铅和血红蛋白的比较 与ALAD_(11)基因型工人相比，ALAD_(12)基因型工人的血铅浓度呈现出增高的趋势，但差异无显著统计学意义（P0.05），ALAD_(12)基因型工人血红蛋白水平则显著低于ALAD_(11)基因型工人（P0.05）。 5、VDR不同基因亚型工人血铅和血清钙水平的比较 携带有VDR_B等位基因的工人血清钙明显低于VDR_(bb)纯合子基因型的工人（P0.05），而血铅浓度显著增高（P0.05）。 结论 1、该铅蓄电池厂的铅烟、铅尘浓度严重超标，对工人的健康造成一定的威胁，虽然改善该企业工人工作环境在近几年内不可能实现，但可以通过增强个体防护措施来减少铅烟、铅尘对工人健康的影响。 2、ALAD和VDR基因多态性都会影响铅毒性，ALAD_(12)基因型工人比ALAD_(11)基因型工人对铅的血液毒性更易感，是铅毒性的易感性人群；VDR_B等位基因也是铅毒性的易感基因之一，该机制可能与VDR基因多态性影响钙的代谢且铅和钙的代谢途径相似有关。
[Abstract]:objective
The relationship between the polymorphism of delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (delta -aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, ALAD) and vitamin D receptor (vitamin D receptor, VDR) and the blood lead, hemoglobin and serum calcium of the workers exposed to lead were investigated to provide the basic data for the group study and provide a scientific basis for screening high-risk population.
Method
In November 12011, the lead smoke and lead dust in a lead storage battery factory in Wuhan were monitored. The dynamic changes of lead smoke and lead dust at different lead sites were evaluated in combination with the 2006-2010 year site monitoring data of the enterprise.
2, a questionnaire survey and routine occupational health examination were conducted.
3, according to the frequency of the distribution of ALAD and VDR alleles in the population, the minimum sample size was estimated to be 125 and 222. In this study, 186 workers and 230 workers were selected from the 387 workers participating in the physical examination, and the workers were detected by the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The ALAD and VDR gene subtypes were Msp I and Bsm I, respectively. The serum calcium level of 230 workers was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.
4, to compare the effects of different ALAD gene subtypes on blood lead and hemoglobin in workers and the difference between blood lead and serum calcium levels among workers with different VDR gene subtypes.
5, Excel was used to input data, SAS8.1 was used for statistical analysis, and p=0.05 was used as a criterion for statistical difference.
Result
1, hygienic investigation
According to the environmental monitoring data of 2006-2011 years, the concentration of lead smoke in each lead site exceeded the national standard 0.03mg/m~3 and 0.05mg/m~3. The concentration of lead smoke at the welding site was highest and increased in the last four years, the geometric mean was 0.355mg/m~ 3, the lead dust was the highest in the slicing site, and the fluctuation amplitude was higher. The average geometric mean is 1.123mg/m~3, and the change of lead smoke and lead concentration is not significant.
The welding workers wear the imported 3G mask, and the average working time of each class is 2 hours, while the other workers are wearing ordinary dust mask, and the working time of each class is 8 hours.
Comparison of blood lead levels of workers of different types of work in 22011 years
The distribution of blood lead in the workers of different types of work is basically the same as the distribution of lead concentration in workers' working environment. The blood lead of the workers in the division group is the highest, which is 327.92 mu g/L, while the concentration of lead smoke in the welding site is high, but the working time of the workers is short, the protective measures are more strict, the actual amount of contact agent is small and the blood lead level of the workers is not high, which is lower than 310.57 um, lower than that of the workers. A worker with a lead site of lower lead smoke.
3, ALAD and VDR gene frequency distribution
Among the 186 workers who tested the ALAD genotypes, the ALAD11 homozygote genotypes were 174, 93.55%, and ALAD_ (12) heterozygote genotype 12, 6.45%, and no ALAD_ (22) homozygote genotypes; for the VBR gene, VDR_ (BB) homozygote genotype 198, VDR_ (Bb) heterozygote genotype 29, VDR_ (BB) homozygote 3, 86.09%, 12.61, respectively. The distribution of 1.30%.ALAD and VDR genotypes accorded with Hardy Weinberg balance.
4. Comparison of blood lead and hemoglobin among workers with different genotypes of ALAD
Compared with the ALAD_ (11) genotype workers, the blood lead concentration in the ALAD_ (12) genotype workers showed an increasing trend, but the difference was not statistically significant (P0.05). The hemoglobin level of the ALAD_ (12) genotype workers was significantly lower than that of the ALAD_ (11) genotype workers (P0.05).
5. Comparison of blood lead level and serum calcium level among workers with different genotypes of VDR
Workers with VDR_B alleles were significantly lower than those with VDR_ (BB) homozygous genotype (P0.05), while blood lead levels were significantly higher (P0.05).
conclusion
1, the lead smoke and lead dust concentration in the lead-acid battery factory are seriously exceeding the standard, causing a certain threat to the health of the workers. Although it is impossible to improve the working environment of the workers in the past few years, it is possible to reduce the effects of lead smoke and lead dust on the health of workers by strengthening individual protection measures.
2, ALAD and VDR gene polymorphisms can affect lead toxicity. ALAD_ (12) genotype workers are more susceptible to lead blood toxicity than ALAD_ (11) genotype workers. It is a susceptible population of lead toxicity; VDR_B allele is also one of the susceptible genes of lead toxicity. This mechanism may affect calcium metabolism and lead and calcium metabolic pathways with VDR gene polymorphism. It's similar.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R135.11
本文编号：2150609
[Abstract]:objective
The relationship between the polymorphism of delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (delta -aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, ALAD) and vitamin D receptor (vitamin D receptor, VDR) and the blood lead, hemoglobin and serum calcium of the workers exposed to lead were investigated to provide the basic data for the group study and provide a scientific basis for screening high-risk population.
Method
In November 12011, the lead smoke and lead dust in a lead storage battery factory in Wuhan were monitored. The dynamic changes of lead smoke and lead dust at different lead sites were evaluated in combination with the 2006-2010 year site monitoring data of the enterprise.
2, a questionnaire survey and routine occupational health examination were conducted.
3, according to the frequency of the distribution of ALAD and VDR alleles in the population, the minimum sample size was estimated to be 125 and 222. In this study, 186 workers and 230 workers were selected from the 387 workers participating in the physical examination, and the workers were detected by the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The ALAD and VDR gene subtypes were Msp I and Bsm I, respectively. The serum calcium level of 230 workers was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.
4, to compare the effects of different ALAD gene subtypes on blood lead and hemoglobin in workers and the difference between blood lead and serum calcium levels among workers with different VDR gene subtypes.
5, Excel was used to input data, SAS8.1 was used for statistical analysis, and p=0.05 was used as a criterion for statistical difference.
Result
1, hygienic investigation
According to the environmental monitoring data of 2006-2011 years, the concentration of lead smoke in each lead site exceeded the national standard 0.03mg/m~3 and 0.05mg/m~3. The concentration of lead smoke at the welding site was highest and increased in the last four years, the geometric mean was 0.355mg/m~ 3, the lead dust was the highest in the slicing site, and the fluctuation amplitude was higher. The average geometric mean is 1.123mg/m~3, and the change of lead smoke and lead concentration is not significant.
The welding workers wear the imported 3G mask, and the average working time of each class is 2 hours, while the other workers are wearing ordinary dust mask, and the working time of each class is 8 hours.
Comparison of blood lead levels of workers of different types of work in 22011 years
The distribution of blood lead in the workers of different types of work is basically the same as the distribution of lead concentration in workers' working environment. The blood lead of the workers in the division group is the highest, which is 327.92 mu g/L, while the concentration of lead smoke in the welding site is high, but the working time of the workers is short, the protective measures are more strict, the actual amount of contact agent is small and the blood lead level of the workers is not high, which is lower than 310.57 um, lower than that of the workers. A worker with a lead site of lower lead smoke.
3, ALAD and VDR gene frequency distribution
Among the 186 workers who tested the ALAD genotypes, the ALAD11 homozygote genotypes were 174, 93.55%, and ALAD_ (12) heterozygote genotype 12, 6.45%, and no ALAD_ (22) homozygote genotypes; for the VBR gene, VDR_ (BB) homozygote genotype 198, VDR_ (Bb) heterozygote genotype 29, VDR_ (BB) homozygote 3, 86.09%, 12.61, respectively. The distribution of 1.30%.ALAD and VDR genotypes accorded with Hardy Weinberg balance.
4. Comparison of blood lead and hemoglobin among workers with different genotypes of ALAD
Compared with the ALAD_ (11) genotype workers, the blood lead concentration in the ALAD_ (12) genotype workers showed an increasing trend, but the difference was not statistically significant (P0.05). The hemoglobin level of the ALAD_ (12) genotype workers was significantly lower than that of the ALAD_ (11) genotype workers (P0.05).
5. Comparison of blood lead level and serum calcium level among workers with different genotypes of VDR
Workers with VDR_B alleles were significantly lower than those with VDR_ (BB) homozygous genotype (P0.05), while blood lead levels were significantly higher (P0.05).
conclusion
1, the lead smoke and lead dust concentration in the lead-acid battery factory are seriously exceeding the standard, causing a certain threat to the health of the workers. Although it is impossible to improve the working environment of the workers in the past few years, it is possible to reduce the effects of lead smoke and lead dust on the health of workers by strengthening individual protection measures.
2, ALAD and VDR gene polymorphisms can affect lead toxicity. ALAD_ (12) genotype workers are more susceptible to lead blood toxicity than ALAD_ (11) genotype workers. It is a susceptible population of lead toxicity; VDR_B allele is also one of the susceptible genes of lead toxicity. This mechanism may affect calcium metabolism and lead and calcium metabolic pathways with VDR gene polymorphism. It's similar.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R135.11
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