北京市初中生常见病患病情况及对学业成绩的影响

发布时间：2018-09-03 21:00

【摘要】：目的探讨初中生常见病患病情况对学习成绩的影响,为学校加强学生常见病防控提供科学依据。方法随机整群抽取北京市城区、郊区各1所初中学校,以全部初一、初二年级共480名学生作为研究对象。收集对象健康体检和学习成绩资料,分析学生常见病与学业成就的关系。结果学生近视、超重/肥胖、龋齿、贫血及营养不良5种常见病的检出率分别为74.6%,38.3%,19.2%,2.5%和3.3%,常见病总检出率达90.6%,总评成绩及格率为77.9%。单因素分析显示,常见病指标中近视和超重肥胖对初中生学业成绩的影响有统计学意义;近视与学习成绩呈正相关(OR=1.823,P=0.012),超重肥胖与成绩合格率呈负相关(OR=0.675,P=0.002)。多因素分析控制其他因素后,超重肥胖是初中生学习成绩的不利因素(OR=0.718,P=0.025),而近视对学习成绩的影响无统计学意义(OR=1.506,P=0.141)。结论初中生近视与超重/肥胖检出率较高,且与学习成绩关系密切。无论从提高健康还是学业成就角度,都应重视学生常见病防控。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the influence of prevalence of common diseases on students' academic achievement and provide scientific basis for strengthening the prevention and control of common diseases among junior high school students. Methods A total of 480 junior high school students in Grade one and Grade two were randomly selected from one middle school in the urban area and one in the suburb of Beijing. The data of health examination and academic achievement were collected to analyze the relationship between common diseases and academic achievement. Results the detection rates of myopia, overweight / obesity, dental caries, anemia and malnutrition were 74.6% and 3.3%, respectively. The total rate of common diseases was 90.6, and the pass rate was 77.9%. Univariate analysis showed that the influence of myopia and overweight on academic achievement of junior high school students was statistically significant, myopia and academic achievement were positively correlated (OR=1.823,P=0.012), overweight and obesity were negatively correlated with achievement qualification rate (OR=0.675,P=0.002). After controlling for other factors, overweight and obesity were the unfavorable factors of junior high school students' academic achievement (OR=0.718,P=0.025), but myopia had no statistical significance (OR=1.506,P=0.141). Conclusion the detection rate of myopia and overweight / obesity in junior high school students is higher, and it is closely related to learning achievement. Whether from the point of improving health or academic achievement, we should pay attention to the prevention and control of common diseases of students.
【作者单位】：河南省郑州市疾病预防控制中心;北京大学公共卫生学院/儿童青少年卫生研究所;北京市东城区中小学卫生保健所;北京市顺义区中小学卫生保健所;北京市第一六五中学;
【基金】：教育部委托课题项目(2013-20)
【分类号】：R179

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