耐火陶瓷纤维对作业工人皮肤的刺激作用

发布时间：2018-09-04 06:07

【摘要】：[目的]探讨耐火陶瓷纤维对作业工人皮肤的刺激作用。[方法]选择从事耐火陶瓷纤维生产和加工的281名作业工人作为接触组,274名仅接触噪声的作业工人作为对照组,进行皮肤检查和问诊,观察的效应指标主要为刺激性接触性皮炎和皮肤瘙痒症状。接触组按总粉尘质量浓度1、1~5、5 mg/m3分为低、中、高三个水平(分别为83人、128人、70人),按纤维计数浓度0.1、0.1~0.5、0.5 f/m L分为低、中、高三个水平(分别为83人、163人、35人)。[结果]接触组刺激性接触性皮炎检出率、皮肤瘙痒发生率(13.2%、36.0%),均高于对照组(0%、10.6%)(P0.05)。二者均与总粉尘质量浓度水平呈线性趋势关系(P0.05),并随总粉尘质量浓度水平的增加而升高;均与纤维计数浓度水平和接触工龄无关联性(P0.05)。[结论]接触耐火陶瓷纤维可引起刺激性接触性皮炎和皮肤瘙痒症状等刺激作用,刺激作用与总粉尘质量浓度的关联性优于纤维计数浓度,可考虑作为制定总粉尘容许浓度的关键效应指标。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the irritation effect of refractory ceramic fiber on the skin of workers. [methods] 281 workers who were engaged in the production and processing of refractory ceramic fibers were selected as the control group, 274 workers exposed to noise only were selected as the control group. The main effect indexes were irritant contact dermatitis and pruritus. The exposure group was divided into low, middle and high levels according to total dust mass concentration (1? 1? 1? 5? 5? 5 mg/m3), middle and high levels (83? 128? 70?)? [results] the positive rate of irritating contact dermatitis and the incidence of pruritus in the exposed group (13.22%) were higher than those in the control group (10.6%) (P0.05). Both of them showed a linear trend relationship with the total dust concentration level (P0.05), and increased with the increase of total dust concentration level, but had no correlation with fiber count concentration level and exposure time (P0.05). [conclusion] contact with refractory ceramic fiber can induce irritant contact dermatitis and skin pruritus symptoms, and the correlation between irritation and total dust mass concentration is better than fiber counting concentration. It can be considered as a key effect index for the formulation of total allowable dust concentration.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所;
【基金】：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(编号:7152104) 中国疾病预防控制中心青年科研基金资助项目(编号:2013B101)
【分类号】：TQ175.722;R135.7

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