常德市职业卫生现况调查

发布时间：2018-09-06 14:59

【摘要】：[目的]为全面了解常德市存在职业病有害因素企业的基本情况和防治现状,探讨存在的问题并提出建议,推动职业病防治工作的发展,切实保护广大企业职工的身体健康,对今后的职业病防治工作提供决策依据。 [方法]采用横断面调查方法,制定统一的调查表,分级、分批培训区县疾控部门的职业卫生专业人员或企业的职业卫生管理人员,统一要求、方法和标准；于2011年9月至12月对存在职业病有害因素的企业进行现场调查,由各区县疾控中心专业调查人员审核后录入职业健康状况信息管理系统,对职业健康现状进行描述性分析。 [结果]全市调查存在有害因素的作业企业981家,非公制企业占73.6%,中小型企业占99%。调查职工总数98224人,接触有害因素的生产工人46553人,占职工总数的47.4%。接触有害因素工人体检率30.7%,存在有害因素企业的监测覆盖率为34.4%,应监测点的监测率22.1%。工伤保险实际参保率达89.4%,劳动合同中有职业病危害告知内容的占46.4%,制定专门卫生责任制的企业达62.9%。全市职业病以尘肺病为主,08-10年新确诊尘肺病人519人,占全部新发职业病人的68%。 [结论]该市工业企业以非公有制经济,中小型企业为主。全市职业健康监护率不高,需要不断加强。工业企业职业病危害因素检测率也有待提高。职业卫生管理达标率低,需要加强管理。
[Abstract]:[objective] in order to understand the basic situation and present situation of prevention and cure of occupational disease in Changde City, to discuss the existing problems and put forward some suggestions, to promote the development of occupational disease prevention and control, and to protect the health of the workers and staff of the enterprise. To provide the decision basis for the prevention and cure of occupational diseases in the future. [methods] adopting the method of cross-sectional investigation, establishing a unified questionnaire, grading, training occupational health professionals in the district and county disease control department in batches, and unifying the requirements, methods and standards. From September to December, 2011, the enterprises with harmful factors of occupational diseases were investigated on the spot, and the occupational health status information management system was entered into the occupational health information management system after examination by the professional investigators of the CDC in all districts and counties, and the descriptive analysis of occupational health status was carried out. [results] 981 enterprises with harmful factors were investigated in the whole city, among them, 73.6 were non-metric enterprises and 99.6 were small and medium-sized enterprises. The total number of workers was 98224 and the number of workers exposed to harmful factors was 46553, accounting for 47.4% of the total. The physical examination rate of workers exposed to harmful factors was 30.7, the monitoring coverage rate of enterprises with harmful factors was 34.44.The monitoring rate of monitoring points should be 22.1. The actual insurance participation rate of industrial injury insurance is 89.4, the proportion of workers who have occupational disease hazard information in the labor contract is 46.4 percent, and the number of enterprises with special health responsibility system is 62.9. The major occupational diseases in the city were pneumoconiosis (n = 519), which accounted for 68% of all newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients from 2008 to 10. [conclusion] the industrial enterprises in this city are mainly non-public economy and small and medium enterprises. The occupational health surveillance rate in the city is not high and needs to be continuously strengthened. The detection rate of occupational hazard factors in industrial enterprises also needs to be improved. Occupational health management needs to be strengthened because of its low compliance rate.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R13

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