我国四城市部分职业人群慢性病患病及其公平性分析

发布时间：2018-09-08 07:42

【摘要】：目的了解我国城市职业人群的慢性病患病状况及影响因素,并评价不同社会经济地位(socioeconomic status,SES)职工的慢性病患病公平性。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,在北京、厦门、泉州和呼和浩特4个城市共5类工作场所中抽取3 553名职工进行问卷调查。结果调查对象的慢性病总体患病率为14.8%(男性16.7%,女性12.5%)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄越大,慢性病患病风险越高(均有P0.05);本科/大专及以上文化程度(OR=2.020,95%CI:1.567~2.605)、高职业紧张(OR=1.328,95%CI:1.091~1.617)、超重/肥胖(OR=1.530,95%CI:1.249~1.875)、吸烟(OR=1.436,95%CI:1.148~1.798)和饮酒(OR=1.976,95%CI:1.409~2.771)是慢性病患病的危险因素,而外地户籍(OR=0.756,95%CI:0.604~0.945)为保护因素。按性别分层分析,不同SES职工的慢性病患病率差异均有统计学意义(均有P0.05),慢性病患病集中指数均为正值,且收入集中指数最高。结论研究人群慢性病患病率相对较低,慢性病患病与年龄、文化程度、职业紧张和生活方式相关,且不同SES的职工患病状况存在不公平性。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases in urban occupational population and its influencing factors, and to evaluate the equity of chronic disease prevalence among workers with different socioeconomic status (socioeconomic status,SES). Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 553 workers in 5 kinds of workplaces in Beijing, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Hohhot by stratified cluster sampling. Results the overall prevalence of chronic diseases was 14.8% (16.7% for males and 12.5% for females). Logistic regression analysis showed that the older the patients were, the older they were. The higher the risk of chronic disease (P0.05), the higher the education level (OR=2.020,95%CI:1.567~2.605), high occupational stress (OR=1.328,95%CI:1.091~1.617), overweight / obesity (OR=1.530,95%CI:1.249~1.875), smoking (OR=1.436,95%CI:1.148~1.798) and drinking alcohol (OR=1.976,95%CI:1.409~2.771) were the risk factors of chronic disease, while OR=0.756,95%CI:0.604~0.945 was the protective factor. According to gender stratification analysis, the prevalence of chronic diseases in different SES workers were significantly different (P0.05), the concentration index of chronic disease was positive, and the income concentration index was the highest. Conclusion the prevalence of chronic diseases in the study population is relatively low, and the prevalence of chronic diseases is related to age, education, occupational stress and lifestyle, and there is unfairness in the prevalence of chronic diseases among workers with different SES.
【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育系;
【分类号】：R13

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