某钢铁集团矿山工人职业紧张状况调查及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-10-22 15:10

【摘要】：目的了解某钢铁集团自备矿山工人职业紧张现况及其影响因素,为制定科学、合理的干预措施提供依据。方法以班组为单位,采取分层整群抽样的方法,分别抽取某钢铁集团759名矿山职工,采取自行设计的调查表,以不记名、自填的方式对职工的人口学特征、生活习惯、身体状况、职业史、工作制度、兴趣爱好等进行调查。采取职业紧张量表(OSI-R)对调查工人进行职业紧张测评。结果(1)职业紧张量表及子项与西南地区职业人群常模比较,职业任务总分(ORQ)、任务不适(RI)、任务模糊(RA)、任务冲突(RB)、工作环境(PE),个体紧张反应总分(PSQ)、业务紧张反应(VS)、心理紧张反应(PSY)、人际关系紧张反应(IS)和躯体紧张反应(PHS)得分较高；任务过重(RO)、责任感(R)、个体应对资源总分(PRQ),娱乐休闲(RE)、自我保健(SC)、社会支持(SS)和理性处事(RC)得分较低。 (2)以西南地区职业人群常模为参照,将量表测评结果进行数据转换,分析得出调查对象中,中度、高度职业紧张者占34.9%,中度、高度紧张反应者占80.1%,中、高度应对资源缺乏者占24.4%。 (3)多因素分析中,影响职业任务的因素有：性别、行政职务、接噪、娱乐活动、工作强度、疲劳程度,影响应对资源的因素有：体质指数、社会地位、福利满意程度、饮酒、体育锻炼、兴趣爱好,影响应对资源的因素有：家庭人口(人)、烟龄(年)、睡眠时间(小时)、体育锻炼。 (4)将PSQ与ORQ、PRQ建立多元线性回归方程。其中显示ORQ与PSQ呈正相关,PRQ与PSQ成负相关,ORQ较PRQ对PSQ的影响更大。结论某钢铁集团矿山工人职业紧张状况较为明显,性别,行政职务,接触噪声年限,夜班,娱乐活动,兴趣爱好,工作强度及疲劳程度,家庭人口,烟龄(年),睡眠时间,体育锻炼等是影响某钢铁集团矿山工人职业紧张的因素,加强工人作业环境防护,加强工人的心理疏导,提高工人参与企业管理和决策的程度；合理安排工作时间和工作量,鼓励工人参加娱乐活动,培养兴趣爱好等措施可以缓解工人职业紧张。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the present situation of occupational stress and its influencing factors among workers in a certain iron and steel group, and to provide basis for scientific and reasonable intervention measures. Methods 759 mine workers in a certain iron and steel group were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the demographic characteristics and living habits of the workers. Health status, career history, work system, hobbies and so on. Occupational stress scale (OSI-R) was used to measure occupational stress. Results (1) Occupational stress scale and subitems were compared with the norm of occupational population in Southwest China. Occupational task total score (ORQ), task unwell (RI), task fuzzy (RA), task conflict (RB), work environment (PE), individual stress total score (PSQ), business stress response (VS), psychological stress response (PSY), interpersonal stress response (IS) and somatic stress response (PHS) score higher; The scores of (PRQ), recreation and leisure (RE), self-care (SC), (SS) and rational handling (RC) were lower than those of (PRQ), (RE),. (2) the norm of professional population in Southwest China was taken as reference. The data of the scale were converted, and the results showed that the subjects of the survey were moderate, high occupational stress 34.9, moderate stress, high stress 80.1, middle coping resource deficient 24.42. (3) in multivariate analysis, the proportion of moderate to high degree of occupational stress was 34.9%, that of high degree of stress was 80.1%. (3) in multivariate analysis, The factors influencing professional tasks are gender, administrative position, noise, entertainment, work intensity, fatigue, and factors affecting coping resources: body mass index, social status, welfare satisfaction, drinking, physical exercise, etc. The factors affecting coping resources are: family population (person), smoking age (year), sleep time (hour), physical exercise. (4) establish multiple linear regression equation between PSQ and ORQ,PRQ. There was a positive correlation between ORQ and PSQ, and a negative correlation between PRQ and PSQ. ORQ had more influence on PSQ than PRQ. Conclusion the occupational stress of mine workers in a certain iron and steel group is obvious, such as sex, administrative position, years of exposure to noise, night shift, recreational activities, hobbies, work intensity and fatigue, family population, smoking age (year), sleep time, etc. Physical exercise is the factor that affects the occupational stress of the mining workers in a certain iron and steel group, strengthens the protection of the workers' working environment, strengthens the psychological guidance of the workers, improves the degree of the workers' participation in the management and decision-making of the enterprises, and reasonably arranges the working hours and workload. Measures such as encouraging workers to take part in recreational activities and developing hobbies can ease workers' occupational tension.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R131

【参考文献】