北京通州区中小学生免费流感疫苗接种及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-10-26 08:16

【摘要】：目的了解北京市通州区中小学生免费流感疫苗接种情况及相关影响因素,为有效促进流感疫苗接种提供参考。方法 2014年12月—2015年2月,采用两阶段抽样的方法,抽取通州区8所学校2012年9月前入学的706名在校学生,采用自行设计的问卷对学生家长进行调查,获取相关调查信息。结果 2012—2014年流感疫苗接种率分别为78.72%,77.16%,69.58%,而2012—2014年连续3年均进行流感疫苗接种的人群仅占57.11%。家长不愿意为孩子进行流感疫苗接种的主要原因是担心流感疫苗质量和安全性(67.38%)、认为接种流感疫苗不能降低患流感的可能(37.34%)。多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,家长是否知晓流感疫苗需要每年接种以及家长是否了解流感疫苗可降低患流感的可能性是影响中小学生免费流感疫苗接种的因素(P值均0.05)。结论北京市通州区中小学生流感疫苗调查接种率逐年下降,主要影响因素涉及家长对疫苗接种知识认知不足、不了解流感疫苗使用效果及推荐程序,疫苗接种宣传手段创新不足,宣传服务与家长需求存在较大差距。应采取多方联合宣传途径更好的开展流感疫苗接种工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the free influenza vaccination of primary and middle school students in Tongzhou District of Beijing and its related influencing factors so as to provide a reference for the effective promotion of influenza vaccination. Methods from December 2014 to February 2015, 706 students enrolled in 8 schools in Tongzhou District before September 2012 were selected by two-stage sampling method. The parents were investigated by self-designed questionnaire to obtain the relevant survey information. Results the coverage rates of influenza vaccine in 2012-2014 were 78.72 and 77.167.58 respectively, while the number of people who had been vaccinated for three consecutive years in 2012-2014 was only 57.11. The main reason why parents are unwilling to vaccinate their children is that they worry about the quality and safety of influenza vaccine (67.38%), and think that influenza vaccination can not reduce the risk of influenza (37.34%). The results of multiple classification Logistic regression analysis showed that, Whether parents know that influenza vaccine needs to be vaccinated annually and whether parents know that influenza vaccine can reduce the likelihood of influenza infection are the factors influencing free influenza vaccination of primary and middle school students (P all 0.05). Conclusion the coverage rate of influenza vaccine among primary and middle school students in Tongzhou District of Beijing is decreasing year by year. The main influencing factors are lack of knowledge about vaccination, lack of understanding of the effect of influenza vaccine use and recommended procedure. The vaccine inoculation propaganda means innovation is insufficient, the propaganda service has the big disparity with the parents' demand. Should adopt multi-party joint propaganda way to carry out influenza vaccination work better.
【作者单位】：北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R186

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