宁夏朝觐人群生活方式对其营养状况及血糖的影响

发布时间：2018-10-30 12:49

【摘要】：目的通过对2016年宁夏朝觐人群生活方式的调查,了解回族生活方式的特点,重点分析其生活方式与营养状况及血糖的关系,为揭示生活方式与营养素摄入、血糖的相关性提供基础数据。方法本研究采用横断面调查的方法,以2016年2324名宁夏朝觐人群为研究对象进行调查。调查内容包括问卷调查、身体测量和实验室检测。结果调查对象中每日饮水量不足1500mL人数比例为79.2%;每日餐次3餐及以上人数比例为78.8%;不吃奶类及奶制品、蛋类、豆类及豆制品者、水果、肉者的人数比例分别为42.3%、30.0%、12.7%、3.2%和2.1%;11.6%的人有饮八宝茶的习惯;每日饮水量,每日餐次,是否吃蛋类、奶类及奶制品、豆类及豆制品、饮八宝茶这六种饮食习惯在城乡组别间均有差异,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);除脂肪、铁的摄入量占DRIs的比例在100%以上外,其他营养素均有不同程度的摄入不足,其中膳食纤维、钙摄入量占DRIs比例最低,分别为28.4%和30.9%;农村人群和城市人群在能量、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、膳食纤维、钙、铁、锌的摄入量上均有不同,差异有显著性(P0.05)。98.4%的人群斋月进行斋戒,54.7%的人群每天礼拜3次及以上。该人群吸烟率为3.7%,饮酒率为0.9%;体力活动不足率为26.8%,体力活动不足率在性别(χ2=94.772,P0.01)、城乡(χ2=10.024,P0.01)间差异有显著性;每天平均睡眠时间为(6.84±1.05)小时,睡眠时间主要集中于6~8个小时,睡眠不足率为40.7%;不同就餐次数组间脂肪的摄入量,是否吃蛋类组间维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2的摄入量,是否吃豆及豆制品组间脂肪、铁的摄入量,以及是否吃奶及奶制品组间的碳水化合物、膳食纤维、钙、铁、锌的摄入量均具有显著性差异(P0.05)。糖尿病检出率为11.1%,空腹血糖受损检出率为17.8%。血糖异常的影响因素有年龄增高(OR=3.35,95%CI:1.39~8.08)、男性(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.12~1.63)和体力活动不足(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.02~1.54)。结论宁夏朝觐人群具有回族穆斯林特有的生活方式;除脂肪、铁外,其他营养素均有不同程度的摄入不足,其中膳食纤维、钙的摄入不足更为严重,农村人群尤为突出;男性、城市人群体力活动不足比例较高;睡眠时间不足率高于全国水平。空腹血糖受损检出率和糖尿病检出率分别为17.8%、11.1%;年龄增高、男性和体力活动不足是该人群患糖尿病的危险因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the life style of the Hajj population in Ningxia in 2016, to find out the characteristics of the life style of the Hui nationality, and to analyze the relationship between the life style and the nutritional status and blood sugar, so as to reveal the relationship between the lifestyle and the intake of nutrients. The correlation of blood sugar provides basic data. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2324 Hajj pilgrims in Ningxia in 2016. The survey included questionnaires, physical measurements and laboratory tests. Results among the subjects, the ratio of the number of people drinking less than 1500mL per day was 79.2, the proportion of the number of people who ate 3 meals and more per day was 78.8%. The proportion of people who did not eat milk and dairy products, eggs, beans and bean products, fruits and meat were 42.3% and 30.037% respectively. The proportion of people who did not eat milk and dairy products, eggs, beans and bean products, fruit and meat were 3.2% and 2.1% respectively, and 11.6% of them had the habit of drinking Assorted Chinese Herbal Tea. Daily drinking water, daily meal, whether to eat eggs, milk and dairy products, beans and soy products, drinking Assorted Chinese Herbal Tea in the six dietary habits in urban and rural groups, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05); With the exception of fat, the proportion of iron intake to DRIs was more than 100%, and all other nutrients were deficient in varying degrees, among which dietary fiber and calcium accounted for the lowest proportion of DRIs, 28.4% and 30.9%, respectively. The intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, calcium, iron and zinc were different between rural and urban population (P0.05). 98.4% of the population fasted during Ramadan. 54.7% of the population had three or more weeks a day. The smoking rate was 3.7, the drinking rate was 0.90.The insufficient rate of physical activity was 26.8.The insufficient rate of physical activity was significantly different between the sexes (蠂 ~ (2) (94.772) P 0.01), and between urban and rural areas (蠂 ~ (2) (蠂 ~ (2) (10.024) (P0.01). The average sleep time was (6.84 卤1.05) hours, the sleep time was mainly concentrated in 6 ~ 8 hours, and the insufficient sleep rate was 40.7. The intake of fat between groups with different meal times, whether to eat vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 between egg groups, whether to eat fat and iron between soybean and bean products groups, The intake of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, calcium, iron and zinc in dairy and dairy groups were significantly different (P0.05). The detection rate of diabetes mellitus was 11. 1 and the rate of impaired fasting blood glucose was 17. 8%. The influencing factors of abnormal blood glucose were age increase (OR=3.35,95%CI:1.39~8.08), male (OR=1.35,95%CI:1.12~1.63) and physical inactivity (OR=1.25,95%CI:1.02~1.54). Conclusion the Hajj population in Ningxia has the unique lifestyle of Hui Muslims, except fat and iron, the intake of other nutrients is deficient, especially in the rural areas, especially in the rural areas. Male, the urban population physical activity insufficiency rate is higher, the sleep time insufficiency rate is higher than the national level. The prevalence rate of impaired fasting blood glucose and diabetes mellitus were 17.8 and 11.1.The age, male and physical inactivity were the risk factors of diabetes in this population.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R151.42

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