贵阳建筑灰尘重金属的生物可给性及其对人体的健康风险评估

发布时间：2018-11-09 14:34

【摘要】：为了研究城市建筑灰尘重金属的生物可给性及其影响因素,评估人体无意摄入建筑灰尘重金属的健康风险,以贵阳市4个建筑工地的楼内、楼梯、建筑区门口、办公区、休息区、建筑区内道路、建筑区外道路、木材堆放区和金属堆放区为研究区,采用in vitro方法研究了这些区域灰尘在胃和肠阶段Cu、Pb、Zn的溶解态量和生物可给性,并以此为基础进行健康风险评估。结果表明,建筑灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn的溶解态量和生物可给性在各区域差异很大,3种重金属的生物溶解态量与重金属总量呈显著相关(P0.05),而生物可给性与灰尘p H和有机质无显著相关关系,其大小与重金属总量的高低也无直接关系。各区域建筑灰尘Cu、Zn对人体健康风险较低,但Pb对儿童存在较高的健康风险。其中,在胃阶段,办公区和建筑区内道路对儿童健康风险的贡献率超过30%;在肠阶段,建筑区内道路、办公区、建筑区外道路对儿童健康风险的贡献率超过3%。只有当3种重金属总量很高且生物可给性也较高时,才会对人体产生较高风险。
[Abstract]:In order to study the bioavailability of heavy metals in urban construction dust and its influencing factors, and to assess the health risks of heavy metals in urban construction dust, the health risks of heavy metals in construction dust were assessed. The in vitro method was used to study the solubility and bioavailability of Cu,Pb,Zn in the stomach and intestines of the rest area, the road in the building area, the road outside the building area, the wood stacking area and the metal stacking area. Based on this, health risk assessment is carried out. The results showed that the amount of dissolved state and bioavailability of Cu,Pb,Zn in building dust varied greatly in different regions, and there was a significant correlation between the amount of dissolved state of three heavy metals and the total amount of heavy metals (P0.05). However, bioavailability had no significant correlation with dust pH and organic matter, and its size had no direct relationship with the total amount of heavy metals. The risk of Cu,Zn to human health was lower in all regions, but Pb had a higher health risk to children. In the stomach stage, the contribution rate of roads in office area and building area to child health risk is more than 30%; in intestinal stage, road in building area, office area and road outside building area contribute more than 3% to child health risk. Only when the total amount of three heavy metals is very high and the bioavailability is high, the risk to human body will be higher.
【作者单位】：贵州师范学院地理与旅游学院;江苏虹善工程科技有限公司;
【基金】：贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字[2014]2141号)
【分类号】：R114;X799.1

【相似文献】