欧盟牛肉安全机制研究

发布时间：2018-11-12 07:11

【摘要】：20世纪80年代,英国的疯牛病危机给欧洲各国经济造成了严重损失,对欧盟成员国的国家稳定和整个地区的团结造成威胁,对全球范围内的牛肉贸易带来了巨大影响,也对人们的健康与安全埋下了长期隐患,牛肉安全逐渐引起人们的关注与重视。本文首先界定欧盟“牛肉安全”的内涵,然后从欧盟经济、政治、一体化进程三个方面的影响对疯牛病等一系列食品安全问题进行解释,从而阐述欧盟牛肉安全机制的运行背景。欧盟牛肉安全机制创立于欧盟食品安全机制完善发展的过程之中,欧盟的食品安全法规政策、监督机构设置以及技术实施措施都主导着区内牛肉安全机制的方方面面。在欧盟食品安全机制的宏观指导下,结合自身的实际情况,欧盟颁布了包括福利、卫生、饲料、药品、残留和进口等全方位的牛肉安全法规政策,构成了统一的牛肉安全监管机构,并不断探求国际合作,靠近国际标准,加强纠纷解决,形成了独具特色的地区性牛肉安全保障系统。欧盟牛肉安全保障平台有效应对了2000年欧洲第二次牛肉风波,细化并补充了成员国的牛肉安全政策,增加了牛肉生产全程的透明性,保证了牛肉贸易的顺利进行。即便如此,该机制仍非完美。疯牛病危机尚未完全解除,机制内的相关机构仍需加大研究与防范；出于牛肉安全考虑,缺乏对地区牛肉贸易协调安排的具体方案；多层次的机制安排,容易造成监管漏洞和政策实施偏差。针对这些具体情况,本文最后从政治、生产、贸易和金融四个方面为进一步完善欧盟牛肉安全机制提出建议,并对机制的未来发展做出展望。相信通过各国的共同努力,不断完善发展的欧盟牛肉安全机制必定会为欧盟未来的食品安全保好驾、护好航。
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, the British mad cow disease crisis caused serious losses to the European economies, threatened the national stability of the EU member states and the unity of the whole region, and had a great impact on the global beef trade. The health and safety of people is also buried a long-term hidden danger, beef safety gradually attracted people's attention and attention. This paper first defines the connotation of "beef safety" in EU, and then explains a series of food safety problems such as mad cow disease from three aspects of EU economy, politics and integration process. Therefore, the operation background of EU beef safety mechanism is expounded. EU beef safety mechanism was established in the process of the improvement and development of EU food safety mechanism. The EU food safety regulations and policies, monitoring agencies and technical implementation measures all dominate the beef safety mechanism in all aspects. Under the macro guidance of the food safety mechanism of the European Union and in the light of its own actual situation, the European Union has promulgated comprehensive beef safety laws and regulations including welfare, health, feed, medicine, residues and imports. It constitutes a unified beef safety regulatory body, and constantly explores international cooperation, close to international standards, strengthens dispute resolution, and forms a unique regional beef security system. The EU beef security platform effectively responded to the second beef storm in Europe in 2000, refined and supplemented the beef safety policies of member countries, increased the transparency of the whole beef production process, and ensured the smooth progress of beef trade. Even so, the mechanism is not perfect. The crisis of mad cow disease has not been completely resolved, the relevant institutions in the mechanism still need to increase research and prevention, for the sake of beef safety, there is a lack of specific plan of coordination arrangement for regional beef trade. The multi-level mechanism arrangement, easy to cause the supervision loophole and the policy implementation deviation. In view of these specific conditions, this paper puts forward some suggestions for further improving the EU beef security mechanism from four aspects of politics, production, trade and finance, and makes a prospect for the future development of the mechanism. It is believed that through the joint efforts of various countries, the developing EU beef safety mechanism will surely ensure the future food safety of the EU and protect its navigation.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R155.5;F203

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