烟台市市售海鱼异尖线虫幼虫感染现况调查

发布时间：2018-11-13 08:15

【摘要】：目的了解烟台市市售海鱼感染异尖线虫(Anisakis spp.)幼虫的情况。方法2016年1月至12月,在烟台市各海鲜市场随机采购不同种类的海鱼,解剖鱼体,查找、分离内脏和肌肉中的异尖线虫幼虫,光学显微镜下鉴定虫种,统计分析不同鱼种、不同脏器和不同体质量下异尖线虫幼虫的感染情况。结果共解剖海鱼14种256尾,海鱼异尖线虫幼虫总感染率为66.4%(170/256),平均感染度为14.8条/尾。感染率较高的鱼种有鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)、带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、辫子鱼(Platycephalus indicus)和黑湭(Sebastodes fuscescens)等,感染率分别是100%(26/26)、92.3%(24/26)、92.0%(23/25)、85.7%(18/21),平均感染度分别为25.1、21.1、12.2和24.9条/尾;其他鱼种感染率由高到低依次是海鳗(Monopterus albus,80.0%,6.3条/尾)、真燕鳐(Prognichthys agooz,70.0%,3.3条/尾)、小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis,66.0%,11.7条/尾)、蓝点马鲛(Scomberomorus niphonius,52.0%,9.1条/尾)、高眼鲽(Cleisthenes herzensteini,50.0%,1.8条/尾)、鲱鱼(Clupea pallasi,44.4%,9.5条/尾)和黑背圆颌针鱼(Tylosurus melanotus,38.1%,2.0条/尾);银鲳(Pampus argenteus)、绿鳍马面渶(Thamnaconus modestus)、海鲈鱼(Perca fluviatilis)未检出异尖线虫幼虫。异尖线虫幼虫多寄生于海鱼的肠系膜及肠壁、体腔和胃壁。不同鱼种的异尖线虫幼虫感染度与其体质量的相关性不同:体质量为0.25~0.35 kg的鲐鱼、0.16~0.20 kg的带鱼、0.16~0.25 kg的辫子鱼、0.05~0.10 kg的小黄鱼、0.17~0.26 kg的黑湭、0.81~1.00 kg的蓝点马鲛的感染度较高,分别为46.5、27.2、18.0、12.0、42.7和68.0条/尾。在这6种鱼中,黑湭和小黄鱼的感染度随体质量的增加而降低(r=-0.484,P0.05;r=-0.633,P0.01),蓝点马鲛的感染度随体质量的增加而增高(r=0.740,P0.01),鲐鱼、带鱼、辫子鱼感染度与体质量无相关关系(r=-0.237、-0.080、-0.196,均P0.05)。结论烟台市售海鱼中,鲐鱼、带鱼、辫子鱼和黑湭的异尖线虫幼虫感染率较高(85%以上)。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the (Anisakis spp.) infection of sea fish in Yantai city The condition of the larva. Methods from January to December 2016, different species of marine fish were randomly purchased in the seafood market of Yantai City. The fish bodies were dissected, the larvae of heterocephalous nematode were isolated from viscera and muscle, and the species were identified under optical microscope, and different species of fish were analyzed statistically. Infection of nematode larvae in different organs and different body mass. Results A total of 256 marine fishes were dissected. The total infection rate was 66.4% (170 / 256) and the average infection degree was 14.8 / tail. The species with higher infection rate were (Platycephalus indicus) and (Sebastodes fuscescens), respectively. The infection rates were 100% (26 / 26), 92. 3% (24 / 26), 92. 0% (23 / 25), respectively, the infection rates were 100% (26 / 26), 92. 3% (24 / 26), 92. 0% (23 / 25), respectively. 85.7% (18 / 21), the average infection degree was 25.1T 21.1T 12.2 and 24.9 / tail, respectively. The infection rates of other species from high to low were eel (Monopterus albus,80.0%,6.3 / tail), true swallow ray (Prognichthys agooz,70.0%,3.3 / tail), small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis,66.0%,11.7 / tail), Blue spot mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius,52.0%,9.1 / tail), halibut (Cleisthenes herzensteini,50.0%,1.8 / tail), herring (Clupea pallasi,44.4%,9.5 / tail) and Tylosurus melanotus,38.1%, 2.0 / tail); The larva of heterodendron nematode was not detected in (Thamnaconus modestus), sea bass (Perca fluviatilis). The larvae of Heterostrongylus are parasitic on the mesenteric and intestinal wall, body cavity and stomach wall of marine fish. The correlation between the larval infection degree and body weight of different species of nematode was different: mackerel with body weight of 0.25 kg, hairfish with 0.160.20 kg, braided fish with 0.160.25 kg, small yellow croaker with 0.05 kg 0.10 kg. The infection rates of 0.17m 0.26 kg and 0.81g 1.00 kg were higher, 42.7 and 68.0 / tail, respectively. In these six species, the infection degree of black croaker and small yellow croaker decreased with the increase of body mass (r = -0.484, P 0.05); The infection degree of blue spot mackerel increased with the increase of body mass (r = 0.740, P 0.01). There was no correlation between infection degree and body mass of mackerel, hairpin, braided fish (r = 0.237- 0.080 / 0.196). P 0.05). Conclusion in Yantai, the infection rate of the larvae of sea fish, mackerel, hairfish, braided fish and Acanthopteris nigra is higher (more than 85%).
【作者单位】：滨州医学院临床医学院;滨州医学院病原生物学教研室;
【基金】：山东省自然科学基金(No.ZR2016HM19) 山东省高等学校教学改革项目(No.2012376) 滨州医学院大学生科技创新项目(No.BY2015DKCX012)~~
【分类号】：R155.5

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