云南省部分奶源地原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1与饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 10:41

【摘要】：目的了解云南部分奶源地原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1的含量水平、饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的污染现状,分析研究原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1与饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2之间的相关性。方法对原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1及饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的含量进行检测。同时做采样点问卷调查,了解养殖相关基本情况。对饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2及原奶中黄曲霉毒素M,的含量进行分析评估,通过SPSS进行统计分析寻找其相关性。结果(1)102户问卷调查中65.7%均是10年以上养殖户,养殖规模较小(73.6%),5头以下；80.4%的养殖户都没有参加过奶牛养殖相关培训；61.2%种植优质牧草,但数量较少：仅有24.5%的养殖户贮备青贮饲料；农作物混合而成的自拌饲料占总量的60%。 (2)102份原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1的检出率为65.7%(67/102),检出最大值为0.396μg/kg,中值±四分数间距为0.020μg/kg,检出结果84.4%的原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1含量在0.05μg/kg以下。 (3)245份饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1检出率为26.1%(64/245),其中82份全价饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1检出率为73.2%(60/82),87份原料类饲料中黄曲霉毒素Bl检出率为4.6%(4/87),76份秸秆类饲料中无样品检出黄曲霉毒素Bl。 (4)245份饲料中未检测出黄曲霉毒素G1和黄曲霉毒素G2。 (5)245份饲料中黄曲霉毒素B2检出率为20.0%(49/245),其中82份全价饲料中黄曲霉毒素B2检出率为57.3%(47/82),87份原料类饲料中黄曲霉毒素B2检出率为2.3%(2/87),76份秸秆类饲料中无样品检出黄曲霉毒素B2。无饲料样品仅检测出黄曲霉度毒素B2,同时对应的原奶中又检测出黄曲霉毒素M1的情况。 (6)经卡方检验：245份饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1与黄曲霉毒素B2的检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；全价饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1与黄曲霉毒素B2的检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；原料类饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1与黄曲霉毒素B2的检出率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)；秸秆类饲料中都未检出黄曲霉毒素。不同饲料中(全价饲料、原料类饲料和秸秆类饲料)黄曲霉毒素B1检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05),黄曲霉毒素B2检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。 (7)原奶中检出黄曲霉毒素M1同时饲料中检出黄曲霉毒素Bl的检出率56.9%(58/102),原奶和饲料中都未检出黄曲霉毒素的比率为28.4%(29/102)。饲料中93.8%的黄曲霉毒素B1和95.9%的黄曲霉毒素B2来源于全价饲料。 (8)经Spearman相关分析：原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1与饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1之间存在正相关关系,饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1含量增加,原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1含量也增加。结论本次试验结果可以得出：原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1检出率较高,但无超标样品；245份饲料中未检出黄曲霉毒素G1、G2,黄曲霉毒素B1、B2检出率较低,但全价饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2检出率较高：饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2主要来源于全价饲料。原奶中黄曲霉毒素M1与饲料中黄曲霉毒素G1、G2之间无明显相关性,与饲料中黄曲霉毒素B2之间相关性无法确定,与饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1之间存在正相关关系(R=0.682)。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the level of aflatoxin M1 and the status of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in the original milk of some milk sources in Yunnan, and to analyze the correlation between aflatoxin M1 and aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 in the original milk. Methods The content of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 in the original milk was measured. detecting. At the same time, a sampling point questionnaire is used to understand the basic culture. In this paper, the content of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 in the feed and the content of aflatoxin M in the original milk were analyzed and evaluated, and the phase of the aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and the original milk was analyzed and analyzed by SPSS. Results (1) Among the 102 questionnaires, 65. 7% were farmers in more than 10 years, the breeding scale was small (76.3%), 5 or less, and 80. 4% of the farmers did not participate in the related training of dairy farming; 61.2% of the high-quality forage was planted, but the number was small: only 24. 5% of the farmers' storage a prepared green feed; a self-mixed feed prepared by mixing the crops (2) The detection rate of aflatoxin M1 in 102 raw milk was 65.7% (67/ 102), the maximum value was 0.396ug/ kg, the middle value was 0.02ug/ kg, the detection result was 84.4%, and the content of aflatoxin M1 in the original milk was 0. 0. (3) The detection rate of aflatoxin B1 in 245 feed was 26. The detection rate of aflatoxin B1 in 82 full-rate feed was 73.2% (60/ 82), and the detection rate of aflatoxin B1 in 87 food-containing feed was 4.6% (4/ 87). The samples were detected with aflatoxin Bl. (4) No yellow was detected in 245 feed. The positive rate of aflatoxin B2 in the feed was 23.0% (49/ 245), and the detection rate of aflatoxin B2 in 82 full feed was 53.7% (47/ 82), and the detection rate of aflatoxin B2 in 87 food-containing feed was 2.3% (2/ 87) and 76. Aflatoxin B2 is detected in a non-sample in a straw feed, and only the aflatoxin B2 is detected in the non-feed sample, and meanwhile, the aflatoxin B2 is corresponding to the aflatoxin B2. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in the original milk. (6) The positive rate of aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2 in 245 feed was statistically significant (P0.05). Aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B were found in complete feed. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2 (P0. 05). (. 05) Aflatoxin is not detected in the straw feed. The difference of the detection rate of aflatoxin B1 in different feed (complete feed, feed and straw feed) is of statistical significance (P0.05), and aflatoxin B1. (7) The detection rate of aflatoxin B1 in the raw milk was 55.6% (58/ 102), and the original milk and feed were not detected. The ratio of aflatoxin to aflatoxin is 28. 4% (29/ 102). 93.8% of Aflatoxin in the feed The results of Spearman's correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the aflatoxin M1 in the original milk and the aflatoxin B1 in the feed. The content of aflatoxin M1 in the original milk is increased, and the content of aflatoxin M1 in the original milk is also increased. the detection rate of the B2 is lower, but the aflatoxin B1 and B in the complete feed 2. The detection rate is high: the aflatoxin B1 and B2 in the feed are mainly from the complete feed. There is no obvious correlation between the aflatoxin M1 and the aflatoxin G1 and G2 in the feed, and the correlation between the aflatoxin B1 and the aflatoxin B2 in the feed cannot be determined,
【学位授予单位】：昆明医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R155.57

【相似文献】