天津市社区女性乳房自检情况及其相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-11-17 21:08

【摘要】：目的了解天津市社区女性乳房自检情况及其相关因素,为社区卫生服务机构开展有关乳腺疾病防治的健康教育工作提供理论依据。方法自行设计"乳腺疾病防治问卷",对1 507名社区女性进行面对面调查,内容包括人口学特征,生理特征及乳腺癌知识、信念、行为等相关问题。结果社区女性乳房自检率仅41.9%,其中每月至少自检1次者的比例为18.8%;在月经后4~7 d后进行乳房自检的比例为13.8%,按规范进行乳房自检的比例为17.4%。农村户籍(OR=1.437,95%CI:1.090~1.895),月经初潮年龄过早(OR=2.012,95%CI:1.474~2.745)及低乳腺癌预防知识得分(OR=2.055,95%CI:1.645~2.567)的女性乳房自检意识差,而既往乳腺疾病史(OR=0.675,95%CI:0.522~0.874)和亲属其他癌症史(OR=0.625,95%CI:0.463~0.844)是乳腺自检行为的保护因素。结论天津市社区女性的乳房自检率有待提高,社区卫生服务机构应加强有关乳房自检、乳腺癌发病危险因素等预防知识的普及,提高社区女性对乳腺疾病的认知水平和自我保健意识,促使更多的女性能够按照规范每月进行乳房自检,以促进乳腺癌整体防控水平的提高。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the self-test of female breast in Tianjin community and its related factors, and to provide a theoretical basis for the health education work on the prevention and control of breast diseases. Methods A face-to-face survey of 1,507 community women was carried out by self-designed "Breast disease prevention and control questionnaire", including demographic characteristics, physiological characteristics and breast cancer knowledge, belief, behavior and other related issues. Results The self-test rate of breast in the community was only 41.9%, of which the rate of self-test at least once a month was 1.8%, the proportion of the self-test of the breast after 4 to 7 days after the menstruation was 13. 8%, and the proportion of the breast self-test according to the specification was 17. 4%. The self-test of breast self-test (OR = 2.012, 95% CI: 1.474-2.745) and low breast cancer prevention knowledge score (OR = 2.055, 95% CI: 1.645-2.567) in rural household registration (OR = 1.437, 95% CI: 1.474-2.745) and low breast cancer prevention knowledge score (OR = 2.055, 95% CI: 1.645-2.567) were the protective factors for breast self-test. Conclusion The breast self-test rate of the female in Tianjin is to be improved, and the community health service institution should strengthen the prevention knowledge of breast self-test and the risk factors of breast cancer, and improve the cognitive level and self-care consciousness of the female in the community. In order to promote the overall prevention and control of breast cancer, more women can self-test according to the standard monthly.
【作者单位】：天津医科大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81301799)
【分类号】：R173

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