职业接触噪声人群职业紧张与皮质醇和热休克蛋白70水平研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 09:42

【摘要】：目的：研究职业接触噪声人群职业紧张现状及其影响因素,探讨噪声暴露和职业紧张对血清中皮质醇和热休克蛋白70(HSP70)的影响,探讨皮质醇和HSP70作为职业应激生理学评价指标的应用价值,为提出有效干预措施,控制职业接触噪声人群职业紧张水平,保障劳动者健康提供依据。方法：选择广东省2间以噪声危害为主的企业进行职业卫生现场调查和职业病危害因素检测,了解调查目标人群的职业健康状况；采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)对599名噪声组工人和270名对照组工人进行问卷调查。从噪声组和对照组工人中,按不同职业紧张反应级别,分别抽取2组人员进行血清皮质醇和HSP70含量的测定。结果：①4.67%的噪声组工人感到高度职业任务过重,30.21%的噪声组工人员感到中度职业任务过重,63.61%的噪声组工人感到职业任务适度,1.51%感到职业任务缺乏；8.18%的噪声组工人有高度职业紧张反应,28.05%的噪声组工人有中度职业紧张反应,62.10%噪声组工人职业紧张反应适度,1.67%的噪声组工人职业紧张反应缺乏；20.37%噪声组工人有很强的应对资源,66.44%噪声组工人有适度的应对资源,10.52%噪声组工人中度缺乏应对资源,2.67%噪声组工人高度缺乏应对资源。②噪声组工人职业任务和职业紧张反应问卷及其大部分子项得分高于国内常模水平,工作环境和职业紧张反应问卷及其子项(除业务紧张反应和心理紧张反应外)得分高于对照组工人,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。③接触不同噪声水平的噪声组工人随着接触噪声水平的升高职业任务问卷和职业紧张反应问卷及其各子项有升高的趋势,应对资源问卷(PRQ)及其各子项有降低的趋势,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。④噪声组工人职业紧张反应问卷及其各子项与职业任务问卷及其各子项呈正相关关系,与应对资源问卷及其各子项呈负相关关系。⑤影响噪声组工人职业紧张反应的因素主要有责任感、工作环境、社会支持、任务过重、理性处事、任务冲突、任务模糊和性别。⑥具有高度职业紧张反应和中度职业紧张反应的噪声组工人的血清皮质醇和HSP70水平比具有适度职业紧张反应的噪声组工人更高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；在中度职业紧张反应组和适度职业紧张反应组中,噪声组比对照组工人具有更高的血清皮质醇和HSP70水平,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论：①接触噪声职业人群的职业紧张水平较高,其职业任务、职业紧张反应水平均高于用国内一般人群所建的常模；工作环境中的噪声影响是导致噪声组与对照组工人之间职业任务和职业紧张反应差异的主要原因,可使噪声组工人产生更重的职业任务和更强烈的职业紧张反应。②职业紧张反应和噪声可作为人群血清皮质醇和HSP70水平的重要影响因素,噪声暴露和超出适度范围的职业紧张反应可导致血清皮质醇和HSP70水平的升高。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the status quo of occupational stress and its influencing factors in occupational exposed people, and to explore the effects of noise exposure and occupational stress on serum cortisol and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). To explore the application value of cortisol and HSP70 as the physiological evaluation index of occupational stress, to provide the basis for effective intervention measures to control occupational stress level of occupational noise population and to ensure the health of workers. Methods: two enterprises with noise hazard were selected to investigate occupational health and occupational disease hazard factors in order to understand the occupational health status of the target population. Occupational stress scale (OSI-R) was used to investigate 599 workers in noise group and 270 workers in control group. The levels of serum cortisol and HSP70 were measured in two groups of workers in noise group and control group according to different levels of occupational stress reaction. Results: 14.67% of the noise workers felt that the high occupational tasks were overweight, 30.21% of the noise workers felt the moderate occupational tasks, 63.61% of the noise workers felt that the occupational tasks were moderate. 1.51% felt lack of professional tasks; 8.18% workers in noise group had high occupational stress reaction, 28.05% workers in noise group had moderate occupational stress reaction, 62.10% workers in noise group had moderate occupational stress reaction, and 1.67% workers in noise group had lack of occupational stress reaction. 20.37% of the workers in the noise group had strong coping resources, 66.44% of the workers in the noise group had moderate response resources, 10.52% of the workers in the noise group had moderate lack of coping resources. 2.67% of the workers in the noise group were highly deficient in coping resources. 2 the scores of occupational task and occupational stress response questionnaire and most of their subitems in the noise group were higher than those in the domestic norm. The scores of work environment and occupational stress response questionnaire and their sub-items (except business stress response and psychological stress response) were higher than those of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). 3 the occupational task questionnaire, occupational stress response questionnaire and their sub-items of workers exposed to different noise levels increased with the increase of exposure noise level. The (PRQ) and its subitems of coping resource questionnaire decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). 4 the occupational stress response questionnaire and its sub-items in noise group were positively correlated with the occupational task questionnaire and their sub-items. The factors influencing occupational stress response of workers in noise group were responsibility, work environment, social support, task overload, rational handling, task conflict, etc. The serum cortisol and HSP70 levels in the noise group with high and moderate occupational stress responses were higher than those in the noise group with moderate occupational stress response. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). In the moderate occupational stress response group and moderate occupational stress response group, the noise group had higher serum cortisol and HSP70 levels than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion: (1) the occupational stress level of the occupational population exposed to noise is higher than that of the norm established by the general population in China. The effect of noise in the working environment was the main reason for the difference of occupational task and occupational stress reaction between the noise group and the control group. Occupational stress response and noise may be important influencing factors of serum cortisol and HSP70 levels. Noise exposure and occupational stress over a moderate range can lead to elevated serum cortisol and HSP70 levels.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R131

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