2004—2013年全国植物性食物中毒事件流行病学分析

发布时间：2018-12-15 18:58

【摘要】：目的了解我国植物性食物中毒事件的发生规律及流行病学特征,为植物性食物中毒的预警及预防控制提供科学依据。方法对2004—2013年突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统中报告的全国植物性食物中毒事件的流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果 2004—2013年全国共报告植物性食物中毒事件660起,累计报告中毒17 955人,死亡196人。第四季度是植物性食物中毒事件的高发季节。云南、广西、四川、广东、贵州是植物性食物中毒的高发省(自治区);菜豆中毒事件占事件总数的53.3%(352/660),乌头、油桐、蓖麻子、发芽马铃薯和钩吻引起的中毒事件占事件总起数的24.5%(162/660)。集体食堂是植物性食物中毒事件的主要发生场所,加工处理方式不当和误认误食是引发中毒的主要原因。结论做好集体食堂加工、储存、销售等环节的管理和监督工作,严格规范食品标签和食品宣传,及时预警、监测、报告和处置食物中毒事件,开展公众的健康教育工作,是预防控制植物性食物中毒事件的主要措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the occurrence and epidemiological characteristics of plant food poisoning in China, and to provide scientific basis for early warning and prevention and control of plant food poisoning. Methods Epidemiological characteristics of plant food poisoning reported in the management information system of public health emergency report from 2004 to 2013 were analyzed. Results A total of 660 cases of plant food poisoning were reported in China from 2004 to 2013, with a total of 17 955 persons reported poisoning and 196 deaths. The fourth quarter is a high incidence of plant food poisoning. Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guizhou are high incidence of plant food poisoning provinces (autonomous regions); Poisoning caused by aconitum, paulownia, castor seed, germinated potato and Gelsemium was 24.5% (162 / 660). The canteen is the main place of plant food poisoning. Improper processing and mistaken eating are the main causes of poisoning. Conclusion the management and supervision of the processing, storage and sale of collective canteens should be done, food labelling and food propaganda should be strictly standardized, timely warning, monitoring, reporting and handling of food poisoning incidents should be carried out, and public health education should be carried out. It is the main measure to prevent and control plant food poisoning.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心卫生应急中心;
【分类号】：R155.3

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