某企业办公室内空气质量及其健康风险评估

发布时间：2018-12-17 19:26

【摘要】：[目的]评估某企业办公室室内空气质量变化及其健康风险。[方法]于2011—2013年,选择某企业办公室进行空气中甲醛和苯浓度的检测,对2011年发现空气中甲醛及苯浓度超标的办公室采取通风、放置吸附剂等空气净化干预措施,应用健康风险评价方法对苯和甲醛的致癌和非致癌风险进行评估。[结果]从2011年至2013年,除部分办公室因新购置的办公用具中甲醛和苯的释放导致浓度上升外,其余办公室甲醛和苯浓度水平整体下降。对于甲醛或苯浓度超出GB/T 18883—2002《室内空气质量标准》限值的办公室,采取干预措施后,在次年的检测中,其甲醛和苯浓度均低于检出限。办公室职业人群3年中的甲醛和苯致癌风险最大值分别为12.54×10-5和11.0×10-5。另有1间办公室苯的非致癌风险达到1.027 5,超出非致癌风险安全值1,但随着办公室采取干预措施后,甲醛和苯的致癌风险和非致癌风险明显下降。[结论]该企业部分办公室内甲醛和苯的浓度较高,其健康风险较大,采取干预措施能有效改善空气质量并降低职业人员健康风险。
[Abstract]:[objective] to evaluate the change of indoor air quality and its health risk in an enterprise office. [methods] from 2011 to 2013, an enterprise office was selected to detect the concentration of formaldehyde and benzene in the air, and air purification interventions such as ventilation and adsorbent were carried out in the offices found to be in excess of the standard in 2011. Health risk assessment was used to evaluate the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of benzene and formaldehyde. [results] from 2011 to 2013, the concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene in other offices decreased as a whole, except for the increase of formaldehyde and benzene in some offices due to the release of newly purchased office appliances. For the offices whose formaldehyde or benzene concentration exceeded the limit of GB/T 18883-2002 indoor air quality standard, the concentration of formaldehyde and benzene was lower than the detection limit in the next year. The maximum carcinogenic risk of formaldehyde and benzene were 12.54 脳 10 ~ (-5) and 11.0 脳 10 ~ (-5) in office occupational population respectively. In another office, the non-carcinogenic risk of benzene reached 1.027, which exceeded the safety value of non-carcinogenic risk by 1, but with the intervention of the office, the carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk of formaldehyde and benzene decreased significantly. [conclusion] the concentration of formaldehyde and benzene in some offices of this enterprise is higher, and the health risk is higher. The intervention measures can effectively improve air quality and reduce the health risk of professional personnel.
【作者单位】：广东电网公司电力科学研究院;广东汇安恒达管理顾问有限公司;
【分类号】：R126

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