美容美发场所化妆品重金属分布特征及其健康风险评价

发布时间：2018-12-24 07:55

【摘要】：目的:探讨化妆品中重金属安全性的有效评价方法,了解美容美发场所化妆品中有毒重金属污染状况,阐明其污染成因及其潜在的人群健康风险。方法:从甘肃省某市随机选取27家独立经营的美容美发场所(11家美容院,16家美发店),分别从以上场所随机抽取美白面霜18份、唇彩13份、染发剂14份和洗发液16份,共计61份检测样品。利用原子荧光光度计和原子吸收光谱仪检测所抽样品中砷(As)、铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)和镉(Cd)的含量,以现行《化妆品卫生规范》(2007年版)及新修订《化妆品安全技术规范》(2012年修订)进行对比;利用相关模型对重金属超标化妆品所造成的潜在健康风险进行评估。结果:检测的61份样品中As、Pb、Hg和Cd的平均含量均低于现行标准限量,但美白面霜、染发剂和洗发液中Pb平均含量超过新修订标准,大多数重金属超标化妆品评价为轻度污染。健康风险评估,各类化妆品中的风险值均未超过参考评价水平。结论:美容美发场所化妆品重金属含量总体达标,可安全使用,但距新规范的要求尚有一定差距,个别化妆品重金属超标现象仍然存在。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore an effective method for evaluating the safety of heavy metals in cosmetics, to understand the status of toxic heavy metal pollution in cosmetics in beauty salon, and to clarify the causes of the pollution and the potential health risks of the population. Methods: 27 independent beauty salons (11 beauty salons and 16 hairdressers) were randomly selected from a certain city in Gansu Province. 18 samples of whitening cream, 13 samples of lip gloss, 14 samples of hair dye and 16 samples of shampoo were randomly selected from the above places. A total of 61 samples were tested. The contents of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometer and atomic absorption spectrometer. A comparison was made between the present Cosmetics Sanitary Standard (2007 edition) and the newly revised Cosmetics Safety Technical Standard (revised in 2012). The potential health risks caused by heavy metals over-standard cosmetics were evaluated by using relevant models. Results: the average contents of As,Pb,Hg and Cd in 61 samples were lower than the current standard limit, but the average content of Pb in whitening cream, hair dye and shampoo exceeded the new revised standard. Most heavy metals over standard cosmetics were evaluated as mild pollution. Health risk assessment, all kinds of cosmetics in the value of risk does not exceed the reference level. Conclusion: the content of heavy metals in cosmetics in beauty salon is up to the standard and can be used safely, but there is still a certain gap between the requirements of the new standard and the phenomenon of heavy metals exceeding the standard in individual cosmetics.
【作者单位】：西北民族大学医学院预防医学教研室;兰州大学第一医院消化科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助课题(41261052) 西北民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助课题(31920130040)
【分类号】：R126.4

【参考文献】