淮河流域某地区浅地下水遗传毒性监测
发布时间：2019-01-04 17:19
【摘要】：目的：通过SOS/umu实验、彗星实验和人外周血淋巴细胞微核实验的联合应用，对监测地区浅层地下水、深层地下水以及地表水的遗传毒性进行检测，同时将遗传毒性实验结果与当地居民恶性肿瘤死亡资料做相关分析，掌握该监测地区地下水的综合遗传毒性情况以及污染现状，探索其地下水污染与淮河流域水质污染是否有一定关系，以及水环境污染与肿瘤高发的关系。 方法：在纳入淮河流域癌症综合防治的15区县范围内，选择中下游某地区为监测地区。在该区域内选择四个监测乡镇和一个对照乡镇，进行浅层地下水、深层地下水和地表水水样采集。通过固相萃取技术进行有机物富集。再将有机物提取物分别进行SOS/umu实验、彗星实验和人外周血淋巴细胞微核实验，对其致突变性、DNA损伤和致染色体损伤效应进行检测。最后将实验监测数据与当地疾控中心提供的恶性肿瘤死亡数据进行相关分析。 结果：在监测地区选择Z镇、K镇、L镇、和M镇为监测乡镇，R镇为对照镇。五个乡镇共设置采样点位63个，并选择其中3个点位采集双份样品作为质量控制样品。66份水样中包括浅层地下水（分散式供水）47份，深层地下水（集中式供水）5份，地表水11份，3份质控样品均为分散式供水样品。1、SOS/umu实验结果显示，不加S9时Z镇、L镇和R镇0.5L致突变阳性，0.25L仅L镇致突变阳性。且L镇两个浓度水样的IR值均显著高于对照区（p0.05）。加S9时K镇、L镇和R镇0.5L浅层地下水致突变阳性。0.25L仅L镇致突变阳性。并且L镇两个浓度水样IR均显著高于对照区（p0.05）。五镇浅层地下水IR值和居民癌症死亡率无相关关系（p0.05）。2、彗星实验结果显示， Z镇和M镇OTM值显著高于对照区R镇（p0.05），而K镇和L镇与R镇之间差异无显著性（p0.05）。五镇浅层地下水样体积为2L、1L和0.5L时的OTM值与居民癌症死亡率呈显著正相关（p0.05），R~2分别为0.267，0.342和0.223。3、微核实验结果显示，， K镇和M镇浅层地下水微核率显著高于对照区（p0.05）。Z镇和L镇呈现轻度污染，K镇和M镇呈现出中度污染。这五个乡镇浅层地下水微核率和居民总癌症死亡率呈显著正相关（p0.01），R~2为0.306。 结论： Z镇、K镇、L镇和M镇浅层地下水遗传毒性显著高于对照镇R镇，其遗传毒性包括致突变性、DNA损伤和染色体损伤均存在。Z镇、K镇、L镇都位于颍河沿岸，地表水均呈现重度污染，其地下水污染可能与颍河呈现距离相关。M镇浅层地下水污染的原因还有待进一步探索。监测区和对照区的水质致DNA损伤效应和染色体损伤效应存在明显差异，且与居民癌症死亡情况呈显著正相关性，通过本次研究可反映环境污染的综合遗传毒性为明确水环境污染和健康危害的关系提供基础数据。
[Abstract]:Objective: to detect the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water by SOS/umu assay, comet assay and human peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus assay. At the same time, the genetic toxicity test results and the death data of malignant tumor of local residents were analyzed, and the comprehensive genetic toxicity and pollution status of groundwater in the monitoring area were grasped. To explore the relationship between groundwater pollution and water quality pollution in Huaihe River Basin and the relationship between water environmental pollution and high incidence of cancer. Methods: the middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River Basin were selected as the monitoring area in the 15 districts and counties that were included in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cancer. In this area, four monitoring towns and one control township were selected to collect shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water samples. Organic matter was enriched by solid phase extraction (SPE). SOS/umu assay, comet assay and micronucleus assay were used to detect mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Finally, the correlation between experimental monitoring data and malignant tumor mortality data provided by local CDC was analyzed. Results: Z town, K town, L town and M town were selected as monitoring towns and R town as control town. A total of 63 sampling sites were set up in five villages and towns, and three of them were selected as quality control samples. Among the 66 water samples, 47 were shallow groundwater (distributed water supply) and 5 were deep groundwater (centralized water supply). 11 samples of surface water and 3 samples of quality control were all distributed water supply samples. 1 the results of SOS / umu experiment showed that 0.5L of Z town and 0.5L of L town and R town were mutagenic positive without S9 addition, and 0.25 L was only L mutagenic positive. The IR values of two concentration water samples in L town were significantly higher than those in the control area (p0. 05). When S9 was added, K town, L town and R town were positive for mutagenicity in shallow groundwater, 0.25L was positive for L mutagenesis only. The IR of two concentration water samples in L town was significantly higher than that in the control area (p0. 05). There was no correlation between the IR value of shallow groundwater in five towns and the cancer mortality of residents (p0.05). 2Comet assay showed that the OTM values of Z town and M town were significantly higher than that of R town (p0.05). There was no significant difference between K town and L town and R town (p0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the OTM values and the cancer mortality of residents when the sample volume of shallow groundwater in Wuzhen was 2L ~ 1L and 0.5L (p0.05), RX2 was 0.267 ~ 0.342 and 0.223.3, respectively. The results of micronucleus test showed that, The micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater in K town and M town was significantly higher than that in control area (p0. 05). Z and L town showed slight pollution, K town and M town showed moderate pollution). There was a significant positive correlation between the micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater and the total cancer mortality of residents in these five towns (p0.01), and RX2 was 0.306. Conclusion: the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater in Z town, K town, L town and M town is significantly higher than that in R town, the genotoxicity includes mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Surface water is heavily polluted, and its groundwater pollution may be related to the distance of Yinghe River. The causes of shallow groundwater pollution in M Town need to be further explored. There were significant differences in DNA damage effect and chromosome damage effect between the monitoring area and the control area, and there was a significant positive correlation between the DNA damage effect and the death rate of cancer in the residents. This study can reflect the comprehensive genotoxicity of environmental pollution and provide basic data for clarifying the relationship between water environmental pollution and health hazards.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R123.1
[Abstract]:Objective: to detect the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water by SOS/umu assay, comet assay and human peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus assay. At the same time, the genetic toxicity test results and the death data of malignant tumor of local residents were analyzed, and the comprehensive genetic toxicity and pollution status of groundwater in the monitoring area were grasped. To explore the relationship between groundwater pollution and water quality pollution in Huaihe River Basin and the relationship between water environmental pollution and high incidence of cancer. Methods: the middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River Basin were selected as the monitoring area in the 15 districts and counties that were included in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of cancer. In this area, four monitoring towns and one control township were selected to collect shallow groundwater, deep groundwater and surface water samples. Organic matter was enriched by solid phase extraction (SPE). SOS/umu assay, comet assay and micronucleus assay were used to detect mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Finally, the correlation between experimental monitoring data and malignant tumor mortality data provided by local CDC was analyzed. Results: Z town, K town, L town and M town were selected as monitoring towns and R town as control town. A total of 63 sampling sites were set up in five villages and towns, and three of them were selected as quality control samples. Among the 66 water samples, 47 were shallow groundwater (distributed water supply) and 5 were deep groundwater (centralized water supply). 11 samples of surface water and 3 samples of quality control were all distributed water supply samples. 1 the results of SOS / umu experiment showed that 0.5L of Z town and 0.5L of L town and R town were mutagenic positive without S9 addition, and 0.25 L was only L mutagenic positive. The IR values of two concentration water samples in L town were significantly higher than those in the control area (p0. 05). When S9 was added, K town, L town and R town were positive for mutagenicity in shallow groundwater, 0.25L was positive for L mutagenesis only. The IR of two concentration water samples in L town was significantly higher than that in the control area (p0. 05). There was no correlation between the IR value of shallow groundwater in five towns and the cancer mortality of residents (p0.05). 2Comet assay showed that the OTM values of Z town and M town were significantly higher than that of R town (p0.05). There was no significant difference between K town and L town and R town (p0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the OTM values and the cancer mortality of residents when the sample volume of shallow groundwater in Wuzhen was 2L ~ 1L and 0.5L (p0.05), RX2 was 0.267 ~ 0.342 and 0.223.3, respectively. The results of micronucleus test showed that, The micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater in K town and M town was significantly higher than that in control area (p0. 05). Z and L town showed slight pollution, K town and M town showed moderate pollution). There was a significant positive correlation between the micronucleus rate of shallow groundwater and the total cancer mortality of residents in these five towns (p0.01), and RX2 was 0.306. Conclusion: the genotoxicity of shallow groundwater in Z town, K town, L town and M town is significantly higher than that in R town, the genotoxicity includes mutagenicity, DNA damage and chromosome damage. Surface water is heavily polluted, and its groundwater pollution may be related to the distance of Yinghe River. The causes of shallow groundwater pollution in M Town need to be further explored. There were significant differences in DNA damage effect and chromosome damage effect between the monitoring area and the control area, and there was a significant positive correlation between the DNA damage effect and the death rate of cancer in the residents. This study can reflect the comprehensive genotoxicity of environmental pollution and provide basic data for clarifying the relationship between water environmental pollution and health hazards.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R123.1
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