储藏干果粉螨污染调查

发布时间：2019-01-19 18:39

【摘要】：目的了解仓储干果污染粉螨的种类及其密度。方法采集干果商店和仓库的储藏干果样本,分离其中的孳生粉螨,制备螨类玻片标本,光镜下观察其形态特征,进行鉴定和计数,并计算孳生密度、丰富度指数、多样性指数、物种均匀度等指标。此外,选择粉螨孳生数目较高的干果,进行人工环境下粉螨的培养观察,以了解其消长情况。结果从49种干果样本共获得12种粉螨,隶属于6科10属,其中以甜果螨、腐食酪螨、粗脚粉螨、伯氏嗜木螨为优势螨种,在桂圆、平榛子、话梅等样本中孳生密度较高,分别为79.78、48.91、35.73只/g。对粉螨的季节变化调查发现平均孳生密度在7、10月份较高,丰富度指数和多样性指数均在7月份达到最高,均匀度指数则在1、4月份较高。人工环境下观察伯氏嗜木螨和腐食酪螨的消长情况,发现伯氏嗜木螨孳生密度逐渐下降,而腐食酪螨先增后降。结论储藏干果的粉螨污染情况严重,应当采取积极有效的防制措施来控制粉螨的孳生,以降低粉螨带来的危害。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the species and density of acaroid mites contaminated by dried fruits in storage. Methods the stored dried fruit samples from dry fruit shops and warehouses were collected, the mites were isolated, and the mite glass slides were prepared. The morphological characteristics of the mite were observed under light microscope, and the breeding density, richness index and diversity index were calculated. Species evenness and other indicators. In addition, the acaroid mites with high number of dry fruits were selected to observe the growth and decline of acaroid mites in artificial environment. Results A total of 12 species of acaroid mites, belonging to 6 families and 10 genera, were obtained from 49 kinds of dried fruit samples. The dominant mites were sweet fruit mite, tyrophylla rot mite, acaroid acaricus Berneri and acaricus bergii. The density of acaroid mites was high in the samples of Gui Yuan, Ping hazelnut and Plum, etc. They were 79.78 / g, 48.91 / g and 35.73 / g, respectively. The seasonal variation of acaroid mites showed that the average breeding density was higher in July and October, the richness index and diversity index reached the highest in July, and the evenness index was higher in January and April. Under artificial environment, the growth and decline of acaroid and tyromite were observed. It was found that the density of acaroid mites decreased gradually, while that of tyromite increased first and then decreased. Conclusion the contamination of acaroid mites in dry fruit storage is serious, and active and effective control measures should be taken to control the breeding of acaroid mites in order to reduce the harm caused by acaroid mites.
【作者单位】：皖南医学院医学寄生虫学教研室;
【基金】：安徽省教育厅自然科学研究重点项目(2006kj101A)
【分类号】：S436.6;R155.5

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