西安市北郊入托幼儿膳食营养状况

发布时间：2019-03-08 17:57

【摘要】：目的了解西安市北郊入托幼儿膳食营养摄入状况,为探讨学龄前儿童营养适宜摄入量提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,选取西安市北郊3所公立幼儿园共计836名入托幼儿作为研究对象,采用记账法和24 h回顾法相结合进行膳食调查,并根据食物成分表计算幼儿每人每日各类营养素和能量摄入情况,依据中国营养学会2000年修订的《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量》标准(DRIs)进行评价。同期测量幼儿身高和体重,并对其营养状况进行评价。结果 4岁组男童每日钙、锌摄入量未达到适宜摄入量,4,5岁组女童钙、锌摄入量未达到适宜摄入量;入托儿童膳食结构中肉类、蛋类和豆类摄入量较低,肉类、豆类食物摄入量仅占2.7%和0.9%。儿童日常膳食中脂肪供能比例偏低;836名入托幼儿营养不足检出率为2.4%,营养过剩检出率为10.9%。结论入托幼儿膳食结构有待完善,应加强家园营养教育,提高入托幼儿膳食营养水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the dietary nutrition intake of preschool children in the northern suburbs of Xi'an and to provide evidence for exploring the appropriate intake of nutrition for preschool children. Methods A total of 836 preschool children from 3 public kindergartens in the northern suburbs of Xi'an were selected by stratified random cluster sampling. A total of 836 young children were enrolled in the study. The dietary survey was carried out with the combination of accounting method and 24-hour retrospective method. The daily intake of all kinds of nutrients and energy per child was calculated according to the food composition table, and evaluated according to the standard "reference intake of Dietary nutrients for Chinese residents" (DRIs), which was revised by the Chinese Nutrition Society in 2000. The height and weight of infants were measured at the same time, and their nutritional status was evaluated. Results the daily intake of calcium and zinc in 4-year-old boys did not reach the appropriate intake, and the intake of calcium and zinc did not reach the appropriate intake in 4-year-old and 5-year-old girls. The intake of meat, eggs and legumes was lower in the dietary structure of children, and the intake of meat and legumes accounted for 2.7% and 0.9% respectively. The ratio of fat energy supply in children's daily diet was low, and the prevalence rate of malnutrition and excess nutrition in 836 children were 2.4% and 10.9%, respectively. Conclusion the dietary structure of children in nurseries needs to be improved, and nutrition education should be strengthened to improve the dietary nutrition level of children in nurseries.
【作者单位】：潍坊医学院公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R153.2

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