嘉兴市新居民子女发育行为问题分析

发布时间：2019-03-11 07:31

【摘要】：目的调查新居民子女身心健康状况,分析发育行为问题,为改善家庭教养、学校教育以及政府制订政策提供理论依据。方法应用分层抽样方法在嘉兴市随机抽取6~12岁本地子女1 236人和新居民子女1 396人,采用自编一般现况调查表、联合型瑞文智力测验(CRT)、行为与困难问卷(SDQ)分析家庭环境因素、智力、行为、情绪和社交等发育行为问题。结果新居民子女智商(102.27±16.31)与本地子女智商(103.35±14.57)差异无统计学意义(t=1.79,P0.05);新居民子女与本地子女的抚养人、父母文化、教育花费、陪伴时间、家长管教态度、家庭学习环境、家长关注程度、教育困惑等影响因素均有统计学意义(均P0.01);新居民子女SDQ客观困难程度正常、可疑、异常比例为67.3%、15.7%、17.0%,本地子女为79.9%、11.0%、9.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=54.96,P=0.000);新居民子女在本地公办学校上学者(混合编班和独立编班)SDQ总分及各因子困难程度均明显改善(均P0.01)。结论新居民子女获得的家庭环境支持和学校教育资源的相对缺乏,引发生长发育过程中出现了明显的身心发育行为问题,身心健康水平下降。
[Abstract]:Aim to investigate the physical and mental health of children of new residents, analyze the developmental behavior problems, and provide theoretical basis for improving family education, school education and government policy-making. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to randomly select 1 236 local children and 1 396 new resident children from 6 to 12 years old in Jiaxing City. A self-designed general status questionnaire and a combined Raven Intelligence Test (CRT),) were used. Behavior and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) was used to analyze family environment factors, intelligence, behavior, emotional and social developmental behavior problems. Results there was no significant difference between the IQ of the new resident children (102.27 卤16.31) and the local children (103.35 卤14.57) (t = 1.79, P0.05). The parents' culture, education cost, companionship time, parents' discipline attitude, family learning environment, parents' concern degree, educational confusion and other influencing factors were statistically significant (P0.01). The SDQ of children of new residents was normal and suspicious, the abnormal rate was 67.3%, 15.7%, 17.0%, and that of local children was 79.9%, 11.0% and 9.1%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 2 = 54.96, P < 0.001). The total score of SDQ and the degree of difficulty of each factor were significantly improved in local public schools (mixed classes and independent classes) for the children of new residents (P0.01). Conclusion the relative lack of family environment support and school education resources for the children of new residents lead to obvious physical and mental development behavior problems and decrease of physical and mental health level in the process of growth and development.
【作者单位】：嘉兴学院医学院预防医学教研室;嘉兴市康慈医院临床心理科;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(14YJCZH127)
【分类号】：R179

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