农村贫困地区小学生早餐现状

发布时间：2019-03-11 11:17

【摘要】：目的了解农村贫困地区小学生早餐频率及食物摄入情况,为制定营养宣传教育和干预措施提供基础数据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取河北省平泉县等5个贫困农村县区15所小学的2 939名小学生为研究对象,问卷调查每周的早餐食用频率及主要食物的摄入情况。结果参加调查的小学生达不到每天吃早餐的比例为23.2%。早餐食用频率最高的食物是米面制品(66.6%),其次为奶类(35.6%)、蔬菜(33.3%)、肉/蛋/鱼类(29.5%)、豆类(27.7%)和水果(19.3%)。早餐营养质量差的小学生比例达到75.3%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,男生、四/五年级、云南地区、父母未在外打工的学生早餐食用频率相对较低;三/四年级、云南地区和住宿的学生早餐质量相对较差。结论我国贫困农村地区小学生每天吃早餐的频率较低,早餐营养质量差。建议对学生、家长和老师加强合理早餐的教育,改善学生的早餐摄入状况。
[Abstract]:Objective To study the frequency and food intake of primary school students in rural areas, and to provide basic data for the development of nutrition education and intervention measures. Methods According to the method of multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling, 2,939 primary school students from 15 primary schools, such as Pingquan County, Hebei Province, were taken as the study object, and the daily breakfast consumption frequency and the intake of the main food were investigated. As a result, the proportion of pupils participating in the survey was 23.2% less than the daily breakfast. The highest food for breakfast was rice flour (66.6%), followed by milk (35.6%), vegetables (33.3%), meat/ eggs/ fish (29.5%), beans (27.7%) and fruit (19.3%). The proportion of primary school students with poor nutritional quality of breakfast reached 75.3%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the frequency of breakfast was relatively low for boys,4/5 and Yunnan, and the quality of breakfast for students in three/ fourth grade, Yunnan area and accommodation was relatively poor. Conclusion The frequency of daily breakfast of primary school students in poor rural areas of China is lower, and the quality of breakfast is poor. It is recommended to strengthen the education of reasonable breakfast for students, parents and teachers, and to improve the students' breakfast intake.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所;北京大学医学部;
【基金】：中国青少年发展基金会项目
【分类号】：R153.2

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