某纳米碳酸钙企业超细颗粒暴露特征及其健康影响

发布时间：2019-04-01 21:32

【摘要】：[目的]探究纳米碳酸钙颗粒物的暴露特征并初步分析对企业人群的健康效应。[方法]选取山西某纳米碳酸钙生产企业,检测纳米颗粒物的质量浓度、表面积浓度、数量浓度并进行形态学分析;对企业77名员工(暴露组55人,非暴露组22人)进行健康体检,并分析比较两组体检指标异常率。[结果]纳米碳酸钙晶型为方解石型,呈多面体,单个颗粒粒径范围在50~70 nm,在空气中团聚后平均粒径约200 nm;颗粒物质量浓度范围为84.52~3 264.69μg/m3,其中包装、捞料岗位较高。颗粒物表面积浓度范围:肺泡沉积(A)模式78.3~2 006.6μm2/cm3,支气管(TB)模式25.6~411.8μm2/cm3,其中较高的3个区域为包装、干燥、压滤;颗粒物数量浓度较高的区域为包装(2.07×1011/m3)、干燥(1.64×1011/m3)和压滤(2.18×1011/m3)。纳米碳酸钙的数量浓度与表面积浓度呈正相关(rA=0.864,rTB=0.805,均P0.01)。暴露组与非暴露组职工各指标异常率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]包装、压滤、干燥和捞料等岗位的纳米碳酸钙颗粒暴露浓度较高;数量浓度与表面积浓度存在高度相关关系,二者与质量浓度间均无相关性;未发现纳米碳酸钙颗粒对暴露工人存在明显健康影响。
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the exposure characteristics of nano-Caco _ 3 particles and analyze the health effects of nano-Caco _ 3 particles on enterprises. [methods] the mass concentration, surface area concentration and quantity concentration of nano-particles were detected in a nano-Caco _ 3 production enterprise in Shanxi province, and the morphological analysis was carried out. 77 employees (55 in exposure group and 22 in non-exposure group) were examined and the abnormal rate of physical examination indexes was analyzed and compared between the two groups. [results] the nanocrystalline calcium carbonate crystal was polyhedral and the average particle size was about 200 nm; after being agglomerated in the air in the range of 50? 70 nm,. The concentration range of particulate matter is 84.52? 2 264.69 渭 g / m ~ 3, in which the packing and fishing position is higher. The concentration range of particulate matter surface area: pulmonary alveolar deposition model (A) 78.3? 2 006.6 渭 m ~ 2 / cm3, bronchial (TB) model 25.6 ~ 411.8 渭 m ~ 2 / cm3, in which the three higher areas were packed, dried, and filtered under pressure. Packing (2.07 脳 1011 / m ~ 3), drying (1.64 脳 1011 / m ~ 3) and pressure filtration (2.18 脳 1011 / m ~ 3) were the regions with higher concentration of particulate matter. There was a positive correlation between the concentration of nano-Caco _ 3 and the concentration of surface area (rA=0.864,rTB=0.805, P0.01). There was no significant difference in abnormal rate between exposed group and non-exposed group (P0.05). [conclusion] the exposure concentration of nano-Caco _ 3 particles in packaging, filtration, drying and bagging is higher, and there is a high correlation between quantity concentration and surface area concentration, and there is no correlation between quantity concentration and mass concentration. No significant health effects of nano-Caco _ 3 particles were found in exposed workers.
【作者单位】：北京市劳动保护科学研究所;
【基金】：北京市科学技术研究院萌芽计划国家安全生产监督管理总局2014年安全生产重大事故防治关键技术科技项目(编号:Beijing-0003-2015AQ) 北京市劳动保护科学研究所2015年改革与发展项目北京市科学技术研究院2015创新团队计划课题(IG201402N/C2) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:51308008)
【分类号】：R134.4

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